我国中青年人群高血压流行和治疗控制现状

Current status of hypertension prevalence,treatment and control rate among young and middle-agedpopulationinChina

目的描述我国30~59岁中青年人群高血压流行现状及其知晓率、治疗率和控制率。方法基于2012—2015年中国高血压调查分层多阶段随机抽样横断面数据进行分析,纳入30~59岁中青年共229593名研究对象。收集性别、年龄、城乡地区、高血压患病情况、卒中史、高血压及冠心病家族史、饮酒史,体格测量指标包括心率等资料。高血压定义为平均收缩压或舒张压≥140/90 mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa),或调查对象自述有高血压病史,或调查前2周内服用过降压药物。血压正常高值定义为收缩压/舒张压120~139/80~89 mmHg。血压控制定义为收缩压/舒张压<140/90 mmHg。计算血压正常高值检出率,高血压患病率,高血压患者知晓率、治疗率、控制率和治疗控制率。结果我国中青年人群正常高值检出率为43.8%(95%CI:42.3%~45.4%),高血压患病率为22.1%(95%CI:20.8%~23.3%)。各个年龄段男性血压正常高值的检出率与高血压患病率均高于女性(P<0.05)。高血压人群中,知晓率为43.8%,治疗率为33.2%,控制率为16.7%,治疗控制率为40.2%。心率高的人群高血压患病率高,控制率低(P均<0.05)。结论我国30~59岁中青年人群血压正常高值检出率以及高血压患病率较高,知晓率、治疗率和控制率仍有待提高。未来应继续加强中青年人群的高血压防治工作,改善高血压控制情况。

Objective To estimate the prevalence,awareness,treatment and control rate of hypertension among young and middle-aged population in China.Methods The analysis was based on the results of 2012—2015 China Hypertension Survey,which was a cross-sectional stratified multistage random sampling survey.A total of 229593 subjects were included in the final analysis.The data including sex,age,living in urban and rural areas,prevalence of hypertension,history of stroke,family history of coronary heart disease and drinking,physical examination,heart rate were collected.Hypertension was defined as mean systolic blood pressure(SBP)≥140 mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa),and(or)diastolic blood pressure(DBP)≥90 mmHg,and(or)self-report a history of hypertension,and(or)use of antihypertensive medicine within 2 weeks before survey.Prehypertension was defined as SBP between 120-139 mmHg,and(or)DBP between 80-89 mmHg.Control of hypertension was considered for hypertensive individuals with SBP<140 mmHg and DBP<90 mmHg.The prevalence of prehypertension,hypertension,awareness,treatment,control rate were calculated,and the control rate among those with antihypertensive medication was also calculated.Results The prevalence of prehypertension and hypertension was 43.8%(95%CI:42.3%-45.4%),and 22.1%(95%CI:20.8%-23.3%),respectively.The prevalence of prehypertension and hypertension was significantly higher among male than female across different age groups.The awareness,treatment,control rate of hypertension and control rate among treated hypertensive participants were 43.8%,33.2%,16.7%,and 40.2%,respectively.The prevalence was higher,and the control rate was lower among individuals with higher heart rate.Conclusion The prevalence of prehypertension and hypertension among young and middle-aged population is high,the awareness,treatment and control rate need to be further improved in this population.The prevention and treatment of hypertension should be strengthened in the future to improve the control rate of hypertension in China.