交通基础设施对区域经济增长空间溢出效应研究

Spatial spillover effect of transportation infrastructure on regional economic growth

深入全面地研究交通基础设施的空间溢出效应,有助于更好地了解中国各地区间的发展不平衡因素,从而使其在整个国民经济中发挥作用。利用中国30个省份2000-2019年间的多个指标数据,通过构建不同权重矩阵下的空间计量模型,实证测度了中国交通基础设施(公路、铁路)对区域经济增长的空间溢出效应。研究发现:交通基础设施对区域经济增长的空间溢出效应非常显著,若不考虑空间溢出效应,会高估交通基础设施对区域经济增长的作用;不同种类交通基础设施在区域经济增长中的作用存在差异,一个地区公路的建设不仅对本地经济发展有直接的促进作用,同时也有益于周边地区的发展;而铁路对经济增长的贡献更多地体现在其自身的网络属性,加速地区间的要素流通,使得生产要素主要向经济发达地区流动。

A thorough and comprehensive study of the spatial spillover effect of transport infrastructure will help to better understand the unbalanced development factors among regions in China, so that it can play a role in the entire national economy. Using multiple index data of 30 provinces in China from 2000 to 2019, this paper empirically measures the spatial spillover effect of China’s transportation infrastructure(roads and railways) on regional economic growth by building a spatial econometric model under different weight matrices. The research finds that the spatial spillover effect of transport infrastructure on regional economic growth is very significant. If the spatial spillover effect is not considered, the role of transport infrastructure on regional economic growth will be overestimated;Different types of transportation infrastructure play different roles in regional economic growth. The construction of roads in a region not only directly promotes the local economic development, but also benefits the development of surrounding areas;The contribution of railway to economic growth is more reflected in its own network attribute, accelerating the circulation of factors among regions, and making production factors flow mainly to economically developed regions.