全球要素禀赋差异对中国农业要素含量贸易的影响研究——基于HOV模型的实证检验

The Study on the Influence of Global Factor Endowment Difference on China’s Agricultural Factor Content Trade——Base on the Empirical Analysis of HOV Model

要素禀赋差异内生决定了中国农业对外贸易。在HOV模型框架下,以要素含量为切入点,比较分析名义要素禀赋差异与实际要素禀赋差异对中国农业要素含量贸易的影响。研究表明:两种要素禀赋差异都对中国农业要素含量贸易具有显著的正向影响,但实际要素禀赋差异的影响更大,特别是实际劳动要素禀赋差异的影响程度更高。从全球农业生产和贸易格局看,双边国家农业市场规模越大、农业生产互补性越强,实际要素禀赋差异有效影响农业市场规模大、生产互补性强的中国农业双边贸易;要素禀赋理论能够有效解释中国双边农业要素含量贸易,特别是实际要素禀赋差异的解释能力更强。因此,应实施提高劳动效率、推进资本积累、稳定土地供给等促进农业供给侧结构性改革和发展的策略。

Factor endowment difference endogenously determines China’s agricultural foreign trade.Under the framework of HOV model,this paper takes factor content as the breakthrough point,to compare and analyze the influence of nominal factor endowment difference and actual factor endowment difference on China’s agricultural trade balance.The results show that:both nominal factor endowment difference and real factor endowment difference have significant positive impact on China’s agricultural trade deficit,but the actual factor endowment difference has a greater impact,especially the actual labor factor endowment difference.From the perspective of global agricultural production and trade pattern,when the larger agricultural market size and the stronger agricultural production complementarity,the actual factor endowment difference effectively affects China’s agricultural bilateral trade with large agricultural market size and strong production complementarity.And thus,the factor endowment theory can effectively explain China’s bilateral agricultural factor content trade,especially explanation of the actual factor endowment difference is stronger.Therefore,the strategies to promote agricultural supply side structural reform and development,such as improving labor efficiency,promoting capital accumulation,and stabilizing land supply,should be implemented.