大数据时代劳动者隐私权保护路径构造

Construction of Worker Privacy Protection Path in Big Data Era

劳动者隐私权是自然人在劳动关系情境下的人格权利,具有区别于一般隐私权的独特个性。在大数据时代,一方面,劳动者隐私权在劳动关系的全过程中正遭受别样侵害;另一方面,隐私信息认定困难、“知情同意权”规则失灵以及算法产品难以管控等障碍又影响劳动者隐私权保护顺利落实。面对上述矛盾和困境,必须革新思路,构建基于场景理论的隐私动态判断模式、完善劳动者“知情同意”规则、建立融“预防、监管、问责”于一体的算法风险治理体系、构筑多元协同的劳动者隐私保护格局,以实现用人单位劳动管理与劳动者隐私权保护之间的平衡与协调。

The worker’s right of privacy is the personality right of a natural person in the context of labor relations,which has a unique personality different from the general right of privacy.In the age of big data,on the one hand,workers’privacy is being violated in different ways in the whole process of labor relations;On the other hand,barriers such as difficulties in identifying privacy information,failure of"informed consent"rules and difficulty in controlling algorithm products affect the smooth implementation of the protection of workers’privacy.Facing these contradictions and dilemmas,we must innovate our thinking,build a dynamic judgment model of privacy based on scenario theory,improve the rules of"informed consent"of workers,establish an algorithm risk governance system integrating"prevention,supervision and accountability",and build a diversified and collaborative pattern of worker privacy protection.Therefore,we could achieve the balance and coordination between employer labor management and worker privacy protection.