自由贸易协定的数字贸易规则:效应与机制

Digital Trade Rules for Free Trade Agreements:Effects and Mechanisms

数字贸易规则已经成为新一轮国际竞争中的焦点。本文系统考察了自由贸易协定数字贸易规则对数字服务贸易的影响及其机制。研究结果表明:高水平的自由贸易协定数字贸易规则对数字服务贸易有显著的促进效应,其中争端解决与合作条款、数据管理条款、贸易促进条款带来的贸易促进作用最为显著。除金融服务业以及个人、文化和娱乐服务业外,7项典型的自由贸易协定数字贸易规则对养老金服务、知识产权服务、电信、计算机和信息服务、其他商业服务业5个部门的数字服务贸易都表现为显著的促进效应;在经济发展水平相似的经济体之间,深化数字贸易规则条款深度可以获得更强的贸易促进效应,且南南型经济体缔约的自由贸易协定数字贸易规则比北北型表现出更强的贸易促进效应;美式模板比其他类型的数字贸易规则表现出更强的贸易促进作用;自由贸易协定数字贸易规则可以通过减少贸易成本等路径提升数字服务贸易流量。

Digital trade rules have become the focus of a new round of international competition,therefore this paper conducts a systematic investigation of the influence and influence mechanism of FTA digital trade rules on digital service trade.The findings indicate that the high level of FTA digital trade rules exerts a significant promoting impact on digital service trade,among which the dispute settlement and cooperation clauses,data management clauses and trade promotion clauses make the most significant contribution to trade promotion.Apart from impacting on financial services and personal,cultural and entertainment services,the seven typical FTA digital trade rules have demonstrated their consequential promotion effects on digital service trade in five sectors:pension services,intellectual property fees,telecommunications,computer and information services,also other business services;the countries with similar level of economic development acquire stronger trade promotion effect through deepening the depth of digital trade rules,and the FTA digital trade rules of the South-south economies evinces a stronger trade promotion effect than those of the North-north economies;the American template manifests a stronger trade boost than other types of digital trade rules;FTA digital trade rules can increase the trade volume of digital services through paths like reducing trade costs.