河南省周口市学龄前儿童迟发性听力损失情况调查分析

Survey and analysis on incidence of delayed hearing loss in preschool children,Zhoukou city,Henan province

目的分析河南省周口市学龄前体检儿童迟发性听力损失发病情况以及相关影响因素。方法选择2018年3月-2021年3月在周口市妇幼保健院进行健康体检的8768名学龄前儿童的体检资料,分析听力筛查结果,分析引起迟发性听力损失的影响因素。结果在8768体检儿童中,共计76例儿童出现迟发性听力损失,疾病发生率为0.87%。电子产品使用时间≥3 h/d(O R=6.21,P<0.01)、分泌性中耳炎(OR=7.33,P<0.01)、孕期因素(OR=2.35,P<0.05)、听力损伤家族史(OR=44.31,P<0.01)、父母语言发育迟缓(OR=8.14,P<0.01)是学龄前儿童发生迟发性听力损失的独立危险因素。结论周口市学龄前儿童仍存在一定的迟发性听力损失发病率,电子产品使用时间≥3/d、分泌性中耳炎、孕期因素、听力损伤家族史、父母语言发育迟缓是体检儿童发生迟发性听力损失的独立危险因素。

Objective To analyze the incidence of delayed hearing loss and associated factors in preschool children in Zhoukou city.Methods The clinical data of 8768 preschool children who came to Zhoukou Maternal and Child Health Hospital for health checkup from March 2018 to March 2021 were selected to analyze the results of hearing screening of physical examination children,and to explore the influencing factors of delayed hearing loss.Results Among 8768 children with physical examination,a total of 76 children developed delayed hearing loss,and the incidence was 0.87%.The independent risk factors for delayed hearing loss in preschool children who underwent physical examination included:use of electronic products≥3 h/d(OR=6.21,P<0.01),secretory otitis media(OR=7.33,P<0.01),pregnancy factors(OR=2.35,P<0.05),family history of hearing impairment(OR=44.31,P<0.01),and parental language developmental delay(OR=8.14,P<0.01).Conclusion There is still a certain incidence rate of late-onset hearing loss among preschool children in Zhoukou city.The use time of electronic products≥3 h/D,secretory otitis media,pregnancy factors,family history of hearing loss,and language retardation of parents are the independent risk factors of late-onset hearing loss in physical examination children.