不同流要素视角下沿海港口城市体系的网络空间联系

Network Spatial Connection of Coastal Port City System from the Perspective of Multiple Flows

借助GIS、Matlab和Gephi等技术手段,运用不同流要素分析2006年和2016年中国沿海港口城市体系的网络联系及空间变化特征。结果表明:(1)在5个流动要素网络中,城市间的要素联系总量增加且增幅较大,集中分散程度、区域分布特征均发生了显著变化。港口城市体系的网络空间结构正由“点轴”模式向“网络化”模式转化。(2)不同流要素的枢纽城市具有高度重合性,但网络结构具有明显差异性。物流和客流呈现“组团发展”与“轴-辐”并存的网络特征。资金流和技术流发育出显著的“核心-边缘”和层次性的空间形态。信息流呈现均衡的网络化发展模式。(3)不同流要素刻画出不同层面的港口城市体系,但却有着紧密联系。物流与客流相互影响、互为因果。资金流和技术流对物流具有积极的促进作用。信息流对物流的影响具有明显的滞后性;港口城市体系由单一流要素转向多元流要素综合发展,港口城市间联系更加多元化,并实现了与外部流要素的互动融合。

With the rapid development of globalization, information and communication technology and high-speed railways, the frequency of element flow has greatly increased, and the comprehensive connection of multiple flow perspectives has become the key to the development of port cities and regions. With the help of GIS, Matlab and Gephi and other technical means, different flow elements are used to analyze the network connection and spatial variation characteristics of China’s coastal port city system in 2006 and 2016. The results show that: 1) In the 5 flow element networks, the total number of element connections between cities has increased and the increase degree has been larger, and the degree of concentration and dispersion and the characteristics of regional distribution have changed significantly. The cyberspace structure of the port city system is transforming from a ‘point axis’ model to a ‘networked’model. 2) The hub cities with different flow elements have a high degree of overlap, but the network structure has obvious differences. Logistics and passenger flow present the network characteristics of coexistence of ‘group development’ and ‘hub-spoke’. The capital flow and technology flow have developed significant ‘core-periphery’ and hierarchical spatial patterns. Information flow presents a balanced network development model. 3) Different flow elements describe the port city system at different levels, but they are closely related. Logistics and passenger flow affect each other and are cause and effect. The flow of capital and technology has a positive effect on logistics.The impact of information flow on logistics has obvious lag;the port city system has changed from a single flow element to a comprehensive development of multiple flow elements, and the connections between port cities are more diversified, and the interaction and integration with external flow elements have been realized.