接种外生菌根真菌对不同种源栓皮栎幼苗生长和生理特征的影响

Effects of ectomycorrhizal fungi inoculation on the growth and physiological characteristics of Quercus variabilis from different provenances

【目的】探讨外生菌根真菌对不同种源栓皮栎幼苗生长和生理特征的影响,为栓皮栎菌根化苗木培育提供科学依据。【方法】以北京种源(BJ)和河南种源(HN)的栓皮栎幼苗为试材,研究接种硬皮马勃(Sc)对BJ和HN栓皮栎幼苗的苗高、地径、细根生长、光合作用参数、叶绿素荧光参数及根尖内源激素含量的影响。【结果】1)BJ和HN栓皮栎未接菌幼苗除叶片蒸腾速率(T_(r))及水分利用效率(WUE)外,各生长及生理指标均无显著差异。2)接种Sc能够显著提升BJ及HN栓皮栎幼苗根尖IAA和ABA的含量,增加两个种源栓皮栎幼苗细根的根长、根表面积和根体积(P <0.05),且BJ菌根苗的细根根长、根表面积及根体积显著高于HN菌根苗;接种Sc显著提高了叶片的SPAD值及净光合速率(P_(n)),HN-Sc处理的P_(n)值最高,达到了7.17μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1);HN-Sc栓皮栎叶片的实际光化学效率(ФPSⅡ)和PSⅡ电子传递速率(ETR)显著提升(P<0.05)。接种Sc 190 d后,BJ和HN的苗高、地径分别较对照提高了18.9%~19.5%、14.4%~14.9%(P<0.05)。【结论】接种Sc能够显著促进BJ和HN栓皮栎幼苗生长和细根发育,提高叶片SPAD值,改善叶片光能利用效率,且Sc对BJ栓皮栎幼苗的根系促生效果更好,对HN栓皮栎的光合作用促进作用更强。

【Objective】This work aimed to investigate the effects of ectomycorrhizal fungi on the growth and physiological characteristics of Quercus variabilis seedlings from different provenances,so as to provide a scientific basis for the cultivation of Q.variabilis mycorrhizal seedlings.【Method】The Q.variabilis seedlings from Beijing provenance(BJ)and Henan provenance(HN)were used as the test materials,to study the effects of Scleroderma sp.(Sc)on the seedling height,ground diameter,fine root growth,photosynthetic parameters,chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and root tip endogenous hormone content of the Q.variabilis seedlings.【Result】1)There were no significant differences in the growth and physiological indicators of the uninoculated seedlings from BJ and HN,except for leaf transpiration rate(T_(r))and water use efficiency(WUE).2)Inoculation of Sc significantly increased the contents of IAA and ABA in the root tips of the BJ and HN seedlings and increased the root length,root surface area and root volume of the fine roots of the two provenances(P<0.05),while the fine root length,root surface area and root volume of the mycorrhizal BJ seedlings were significantly higher than those of the mycorrhizal HN seedlings.The SPAD value and net photosynthetic rate(P_(n))of the leaves were significantly increased by Sc inoculation,and Pn was the highest under HN-SC treatment,reaching 7.17μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1).The actual photochemical efficiency(ФPSⅡ)and PSⅡelectron transfer rate(ETR)of the leaves of the HN-SC seedings were significantly increased(P<0.05).After 190 days of inoculation,the seedling height and base diameter of the BJ and HN seedlings increased by 18.9%-19.5%and 14.4%-14.9%compared with those of CK(P<0.05).【Conclusion】Sc inoculation can significantly promote the growth and fine root development of the BJ and HN Q.variabilis seedlings,increase the SPAD value and improve the light energy utilization efficiency of leaves.Additionally,Sc inoculation shows a better promoting effect on the root growth of the BJ seedlings and the photosynthesis of the HN seedlings.