骆马湖及其入湖河流水中PAHs时空分布特征及风险评估

Spatiotemporal distribution characteristics and risk assessment of PAHs in Luoma Lake and its inflow river

为研究骆马湖及其入湖河流水中PAHs的时空分布特征、健康风险及生态风险状况,分别于2019年11月(枯水期)、2020年4月(平水期)和2020年7月(丰水期)对骆马湖及其入湖河流水样中16种多环芳烃(PAHs)进行了采样调查研究,并采用健康风险评价和生态风险评价方法对骆马湖流域水中PAHs进行风险评估。结果表明,骆马湖及其入湖河流水中PAHs总量在5.45~264 ng/L范围,ΣPAHs浓度丰水期>平水期>枯水期,低环PAHs平均质量浓度明显高于高环PAHs。ΣPAHs含量较高的点位主要位于京杭运河河道等航运繁忙的区域,来源分析结果表明,该区域PAHs可能主要来自水上交通过程中石油制品的泄漏。骆马湖流域内的4个水源地、2个国考断面、1个省考断面和5个省界点位水中PAHs浓度均符合相应的水质标准。骆马湖湖区水中PAHs经饮水途径和经皮肤接触途径所引起的致癌风险和非致癌风险均可忽略,但在丰水期S16和S38水中PAHs可能造成中等生态风险,其中荧蒽(Fla)、苯并[g, h, i]苝(BghiP)和芘(Pyr)具有较高生态风险。

The spatiotemporal distribution characteristics, health risk and ecological risk of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) in water of Luoma Lake and its main inflow rivers were investigated in November 2019(dry season), April 2020(normal season) and July 2020(wet season). 16 types of PAHs were sampled and the risk was assessed by the health risk and the ecological risk assessment methods. The result showed that the total PAHs concentrations in Luoma Lake Basin ranged from 5.45 ng/L to 264ng/L for different seasons with the order of wet season> normal season> dry season. The concentration of the low ring PAHs was significantly higher than these of the high ring. The ΣPAHs concentration in the busy shipping areas, such as Beijing Hangzhou canal was higher than other studied areas. The source analysis showed that the PAHs in the above mentioned area mainly came from the leakage of petroleum products in the process of water transportation. The concentrations of PAHs in four water sources, two national and one provincial sections and five provincial boundary sampling points in Luoma Lake basin all met the corresponding water quality standards. The health risk of PAHs in Luoma Lake area through drinking water and skin contact could be ignored. However,PAHs in water of S16 and S38 in wet season belonged to a high ecological risk level, and fluoranthene(Fla), benzo [g, h, i] perylene(BghiP) and pyrene(Pyr) were high risk PAHs, which contributed to the higer ecological risk.