不同生长环境及生育期对疏叶骆驼刺的草产量和营养成分的影响

Effect of different growth environment and growth period on grass yield and nutrient composition of Alhagi sparsifolia

试验旨在研究不同生长环境及生育期对吐鲁番疏叶骆驼刺(Alhagi sparsifolia)的地上生物量和营养成分的影响。试验分别设2个不同生长环境(枯草清理样地A和枯草未清理样地B)和7个不同生育期,测定不同生长环境及生育期疏叶骆驼刺的形态、刈割产量和营养成分。结果显示:样地B的疏叶骆驼刺株高(69.21 cm)和冠幅(84.4 cm×84.2 cm)均显著高于样地A (P<0.05)。样地A和样地B疏叶骆驼刺的鲜草产量(8 512~12 128 kg/hm^(2))和干草产量(4 572~5 972 kg/hm^(2))均在盛花期达到最高(P<0.05)。随着生育期的推进,样地A和样地B疏叶骆驼刺的粗蛋白(CP)含量呈先上升后下降的趋势,且均在盛花期达到最高(14.07%~16.29%),样地A的疏叶骆驼刺CP含量显著高于样地B (P<0.05)。样地A的疏叶骆驼刺中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)、酸性洗涤木质素(ADL)含量显著低于样地B (P<0.05)。样地B和样地A的疏叶骆驼刺可溶性碳水化合物(WSC)含量分别在盛花期(14.55%)和成熟期(14.70%)达到最高。研究表明,疏叶骆驼刺在盛花期鲜(干)草产量、CP含量最高,NDF、ADF和ADL含量较低,盛花期为既高产又优质的最佳刈割期。

The experiment was to study the effect of different growth environments and growth periods on aboveground biomass and nutrient composition of Alhagi sparsifolia. Two different growing environments(subtilis cleared plot A and subtilis uncleared plot B) and seven different growth periods were used to determine the morphology, cutting yield and nutrient composition of Alhagi sparsifolia in different growing environments and growth periods. The results showed that the plant height(69.21 cm) and crown width(84.4 cm × 84.2 cm) of Alhagi sparsifolia in plot B were significantly higher than those in plot A(P<0.05). The yield of fresh grass(8 512~12 128 kg/hm^(2)) and hay(4 572~5 972 kg/hm^(2)) in plot A and plot B reached the highest at full flowering stage(P<0.05). With the development of the growth period, the crude protein(CP) content of Alhagi sparsifolia in plot A and plot B increased first and then decreased, and CP content of Alhagi sparsifolia in plot A was the highest(14.07% to 16.29%) at the full flowering stage. The CP content of Alhagi sparsifolia in plot A was significantly higher than that in plot B(P<0.05). The content of neutral detergent fiber(NDF), acid detergent fiber(ADF) and acid detergent lignin(ADL) of Alhagi sparsifolia in plot A were significantly lower than those in plot B(P<0.05). The soluble carbohydrate(WSC) content of Alhagi sparsifolia in plot B and plot A reached the highest at full flowering stage(14.55%) and maturity stage(14.70%), respectively. The study indicates that fresh(dry) grass yield and CP are the highest, NDF, ADF and ADL are lower in the full flowering stage, which is the best cutting stage for high yield and good quality.