高速铁路网背景下福建省旅游空间作用与结构演化

Spatial interaction and structural evolution of tourism in Fujian Province under the background of high-speed railway network

以福建省为例,采用旅游引力模型、旅游平均中心及标准距离等方法,借助ArcGIS空间分析工具,探究2008—2019年高速铁路网背景下的福建省旅游空间作用和结构演化特征。结果表明:(1)高速铁路网使福建省的旅游空间相互作用呈现逐年增长态势。随着时间的推移,交通因子的边际效用表现出越来越重要的地位。(2)高铁的开通对福建省的国内旅游重心产生明显的转向和扩散作用。受高铁的影响,福建省的国内旅游区域由集中逐渐向其他城市扩散。(3)高铁的开通对福建的入境旅游空间结构也产生了显著的集聚影响。随着时间的推移,入境旅游范围受高铁的影响从集聚向扩散发展,但目前还是以集聚为主。(4)福建省国内旅游和入境旅游因高铁带来的变化有所差异,一是两者的旅游中心移动轨迹虽不一致,但总的方向都偏向南部地区;二是两者的集聚和扩散效应程度略有不同,国内旅游是在高铁建成后扩散效应不断地扩大,标准距离不断地变大,入境旅游是先集聚后扩散。

Taking Fujian Province as an example,this paper used tourism gravity model,tourism average center,standard distance and other methods,with the help of ArcGIS spatial analysis tools,to explore the spatial interaction and restructuring characteristics of tourism in the context of high-speed railway network from 2008 to 2019 in Fujian Province.The results showed that:①The high-speed railway network made the spatial interaction of tourism in Fujian Province increase year by year.As time went on,the marginal utility of traffic factors became more and more important.②The opening of high-speed railway had a significant turning and diffusion effect on the domestic tourism center of Fujian Province.Influenced by the high-speed railway,the domestic tourism area in Fujian Province had gradually expanded from concentrated to other cities.③The opening of high-speed rail also had a significant impact on the spatial structure of inbound tourism in Fujian.With the passage of time,the scope of inbound tourism had developed from agglomeration to diffusion under the influence of high-speed rail,but at present,agglomeration was still the main form.④The changes of domestic tourism and inbound tourism in Fujian Province were different due to the high-speed rail.First,although their travel center moving tracks were inconsistent,the general direction was toward the southern region.Second,the degree of agglomeration and diffusion effect of the two was slightly different.The diffusion effect of domestic tourism was constantly expanding after the high-speed railway was completed,and the standard distance was constantly increasing.Inbound tourism was first agglomeration and then diffusion.