“油粒子”模型在三沙湾溢油轨迹模拟中的应用

Application of oil particle model in simulation of oil spill trajectory in Sansha Bay,Fujian Province

针对海上溢油风险问题,为有效预测溢油扩散漂移轨迹,本文参考了国内外溢油模拟方法,选取了粒子追踪法对溢油漂移轨迹进行模拟预测;在三沙湾潮流场研究的基础上,假定白马港海域发生轻油泄漏,运用“油粒子”模型,同时考虑风场与流场的共同作用,模拟分析不同风况条件下溢油的漂移轨迹,并统计其影响范围。模拟结果表明:溢油迁移扩散轨迹受潮流场与风场的共同作用;白马港溢油受风向的影响较明显,东南风风况下迁移扩散影响范围主要集中在湾顶,影响面积较小,东北风风况下迁移扩散影响范围可以分布到湾内区域,影响面积较大。结果说明,“油粒子”模型能够模拟三沙湾海域的溢油扩散漂移趋势,可为今后溢油事故的渔业资源损失评估等研究提供技术支撑,也可为完善白马港区的应急管理体系提供参考。

For the risk problem of oil spill on the sea,and in order to predict the diffusion drift trajectory of oil spill effectively,this study refered to domestic and foreign oil spill simulation methods and selected the particle tracking method to simulate and predict the oil spill drift trajectory.Based on the study of the tidal current field in Sansha Bay,Ningde City,assuming that light oil leakage occurred in the sea area of Baima Gang,using the oil particle model and considering the interaction of wind field and flow field,this study simulated and analyzed the drift trajectory of spilled oil under different wind conditions and calculated its influence range.The simulation results showed that:firstly,the track of oil spill migration and diffusion was affected by the interaction of tidal flow field and wind field;secondly,the oil spill in Baima Gang was obviously affected by the wind direction,and the influence scope of migration and diffusion was mainly concentrated on the top of the bay,and the influence area was small under southeast wind conditions,but it could be distributed to the bay area,with a large impact area under northeast wind conditions;meanwhile,the results also indicated that the“oil particle”model could invert the oil spill diffusion trend in Sansha Bay,and provide technical support for future research on fishery resource loss assessment of oil spill accidents,or for the improvement of emergency management system among Baima Gang district.