HS-SPME-GC-MS法测定川藏道地药材手掌参挥发性成分

Analysis of Volatile Components in Sichuan-Tibetan Medicine Gymnadenia conopsea from Different Areas by HS-SPME-GC-MS

采用顶空固相微萃取—气质联用(HS-SPME-GC-MS)法对来自川藏不同产地的7个(批)手掌参样品的挥发性成分进行测定分析,并用峰面积归一化法计算了各成分的相对质量分数。采用主成分分析和聚类分析统计法,对不同产地手掌参药材品质进行了评价。结果显示,手掌参主要挥发性成分为对甲酚、茴香醚、己醛、2-乙基己醇、壬醛、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯;7个(批)样本共有成分20个,其中醛类5个、醇3个、烷烃3个、酚类2个、苯类2个,酮、酯、烯烃、酸、醚各1个;西藏朗县样品被检测到的挥发性成分最多,共有60个。对7个样品进行聚类分析,可将其分为3个大类,西藏昌都、四川巴塘、西藏米林、西藏波密的手掌参聚为1类,产地为四川阿坝和四川理塘的聚为1类,产地为西藏朗县样品聚为1类(检测到的挥发性成分最多),根据聚类分析可知地理位置对手掌参挥发性成分影响大。研究结果表明,不同批次(产地)手掌参药材挥发性成分有一定差异,可能是由于不同产地生境气候、土壤因素不同导致。

The volatile components of seven(batches)Gymnadenia conopsea samples from different areas of Sichuan and Tibet were determined and analyzed by headspace solid phase microextraction gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(HS-SPME-GC-MS),and the relative mass fraction of each component was calculated by peak area normalization method.Principal component analysis(PCA)and cluster analysis(CA)were used to classify the samples from different areas,and several main components were used to analyze and evaluate the samples.The results showed that the main volatile components of G.conopsea were p-cresol,anisole,hexanal,2-ethylhexanol,nonanal and dibutyl phthalate.There were 20 components in the 7 samples,including 5 aldehydes,3 alcohols,3 alkanes,2 phenols,2 benzene,1 ketone,ester,olefin,acid and ether.The sample from Lang County,Tibet had the most volatile components,with a total of 60 volatile components.By cluster analysis,the samples can be divided into three categories:Changdu in Tibet,Batang in Sichuan,Milin in Tibet and Bomi in Tibet belong to the first category,Aba in Sichuan and Litang in Sichuan are clustered into category 1,and Lang County in Tibet were clustered into category 1(the most volatile components detected).According to cluster analysis,geographical location had a great impact on the volatile components of G.conopsea.The research results show that there are certain differences in the volatile components of different batches(origins)of G.conopsea medicinal materials,which may be caused by the climate and soil factors of different producing areas.