高速行车条件下钢轨焊接接头区轮轨动态相互作用

Dynamic Interaction Between Wheel and Rail in Welded Joint Area Under High Speed Driving Conditions

通过建立三维轮轨瞬态滚动接触有限元模型,对高速行车条件下钢轨焊接接头几何不平顺处的轮轨动力相互作用进行了分析,明确了适用于400 km/h速度等级线路的钢轨焊接接头几何梯度与轮轨动态力的定量关系。将所提出的几何梯度法应用到某线路20例实测钢轨焊接接头几何不平顺的预测,并与数值模拟结果对比,验证方法的有效性。结果表明:列车以400 km/h通过平直度为0.2 mm的钢轨焊接接头时,其最大轮轨力约为静轮载的2.77倍,小于线路设计时常选用的3倍动态系数;几何梯度法能够考虑实测钢轨焊接接头几何不平顺,与数值模拟结果一致,可用于钢轨焊接接头几何不平顺的快速评估。

By establishing a three-dimensional wheel rail transient rolling contact finite element model,the wheel rail dynamic interaction at the geometric irregularities of the rail welded joints under high speed driving conditions was analyzed,and the quantitative relationship between the geometric gradient of the rail welded joints and the wheel rail dynamic force applicable to 400 km/h speed grade lines was clarified. The proposed geometric gradient method was applied to the prediction of the geometric irregularities of 20 rail welded joints measured on a certain line and compared with the numerical simulation results to verify the effectiveness of the method. The results show that the maximum wheelrail force is about 2.77 times the load of static wheel when the train passes through the welded joint of the rail with a straightness of 0.2 mm at 400 km/h,which is less than 3 times the number of dynamic coefficient often used in the line design. The geometric gradient method can take into account the measured geometric irregularities of rail welded joints,which is consistent with the numerical simulation results,and can be used to quickly evaluate the geometric irregularities of rail welded joints.