蒽环类药物心脏毒性机制及新型心脏保护剂的研究进展

Research progress on mechanisms of anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity and novel cardioprotective agents

蒽环类药物是临床上治疗多种实体瘤和血液肿瘤的基石。蒽环类药物诱导的心脏毒性正在成为癌症幸存者的一个关键问题。由于容易引起心脏毒性,导致心肌病和心功能不全,蒽环类药物的使用受到极大限制。目前认为蒽环类药物诱导的心脏毒性的机制,包括氧化应激和活性氧的有害作用、线粒体损伤以及多种不同类型的调节细胞死亡途径等。针对蒽环类药物心脏毒性的分子机制靶向研究心脏保护药物迫在眉睫,并已经崭露头角。本文对蒽环类药物诱导的心脏毒性机制及新型心脏保护剂的研究进展进行综述。

Anthracyclines are the cornerstone of clinical treatment of a variety of solid tumors and hematological tumors. Anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity is emerging as a critical issue for cancer survivors. The use of anthracyclines is greatly limited due to the susceptibility to cardiovascular toxicity and leading to cardiomyopathy and cardiac insufficiency. The mechanisms of anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity are currently believed to include the deleterious effects of oxidative stress and reactive oxygen species, mitochondrial damage, and many different types of pathways regulating cell death. Aiming at the molecular mechanism of anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity, targeted research on cardioprotective drugs is imminent and has emerged. This paper reviews the research progress on mechanisms of anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity and novel cardioprotective agents.