基因缺失小鼠在免疫抗肿瘤研究领域的应用进展

Progress in the application of gene-deleted mice in the field of immune anti-tumor research

由于传统肿瘤治疗方法对机体的损害极大且患者生存期短,因此,免疫抗肿瘤逐渐成为现代临床肿瘤治疗的新方向。免疫抗肿瘤不同于传统抗肿瘤之处在于其通过激活机体自身免疫系统杀灭肿瘤细胞,并可有效延长肿瘤患者的生存期。但人体免疫系统精密且复杂,若想通过特异性激活免疫系统中的某条通路或细胞因子来达到治疗肿瘤的目的,对药物或疾病机制的探索是必不可少的。基因缺失小鼠的问世,填补了体内探究机制的空缺,其对于人类探求药物和疾病作用机制有不可替代的作用,本文就基因缺失小鼠在免疫抗肿瘤研究领域的应用进展做一综述。

Because of the great harm to the body and the short survival time of patients undergoing traditional tumor treatment methods,immune anti-tumor has gradually become a new direction of modern clinical tumor treatment.The difference between immune anti-tumor and traditional anti-tumor is that it can kill tumor cells by activating the body’s own immune system,and can effectively prolong the survival time of tumor patients.However,the human immune system is sophisticated and complex,so it is essential to explore the mechanism of drugs or diseases if we want to specifically activate a certain pathway or cytokine in the immune system to achieve the objective of treating tumors.The advent of gene-deleted mice has filled the gap in the investigation of mechanisms in vivo,which plays an irreplaceable role in human exploration for the mechanism of drugs and diseases.In this paper,progress in the application of gene-deleted mice in the field of immune anti-tumor research is reviewed.