糖尿病肾病足细胞损伤病理机制及信号通路的研究进展

Research progress in pathological mechanism and related signaling pathways of podocyte injury in diabetic nephropathy

糖尿病肾病(DN)是糖尿病最常见的微血管并发症,是终末期肾病的重要的病因之一。关于DN发病机制,最新研究发现,足细胞损伤在DN的病程中起到至关重要的作用,主要包括足细胞肥大、上皮间充质转化(EMT)、足细胞凋亡和足细胞自噬,且多个肾脏信号通路的破坏在这些病理损伤的进展中至关重要,例如腺苷单磷酸活化激酶信号通路(AMPK)、Wnt/β-catenin信号通路、内质网应激相关信号通路等。本文从糖尿病肾病足细胞损伤病理机制及信号通路的研究进展作为出发点,进一步了解分子机制方面糖尿病肾病足细胞损伤。

Diabetic nephropathy(DN) is the most common microvascular complication of diabetes and one of the important causes of end-stage renal disease. Regarding the pathogenesis of DN, more and more scholars have recently found that podocyte injury plays a crucial role in the course of DN, including podocyte hypertrophy, epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT), podocyte apoptosis, and podocyte autophagy, and disruption of multiple renal signaling pathways are critical in the progression of these pathological lesions, such as adenosine monophosphate-activated kinase signaling(AMPK), Wnt/β-catenin signaling, endoplasmic Network stress-related signaling pathways. This article aims to further understand the molecular mechanism of podocyte injury in diabetic nephropathy from the research progress in the pathological mechanism and signaling pathway of podocyte injury in diabetic nephropathy.