老年膝骨关节炎患者与不同年龄段健康人步态分析对比研究

Comparison of gait analysis between elderly patients with knee osteoarthritis and different ages of healthy people

目的 通过步态分析的方法对比研究不同年龄段健康人群与老年膝骨关节炎患者的时空参数特征,为早期老年膝骨关节炎患者的临床诊断提供新的科学依据。方法 选取2021年1-6月在该院骨科住院的双膝关节骨性关节炎患者20例,门诊收集20例健康老年受试者和20例健康青年受试者共60例受试者进行步态分析测试。受试者分为3组,即青年对照组、老年对照组和老年膝骨关节炎组。结果 老年患病组与老年对照组和青年对照组比较,步行速度、步频较慢,步幅较短,步态周期延长,双支撑相增加(P<0.05)。与青年对照组相比,老年对照组的步行速度、步速、步幅、步态周期及双支撑相均无明显变化(P>0.05)。3组之间步长偏差无变化(P>0.05)。结论 老年膝关节骨性关节炎患者的步态具有步行速度慢、步频低、步幅短、步态周期长及双支撑相时间长等特点。

Objective To compare the space-time parameters characteristics of different ages of healthy people and elderly patients with knee osteoarthritis by the gait analysis in order to provide a new scientific basis for the clinical diagnosis of early elderly patients with knee osteoarthritis.Methods Twenty patients with bilateral knee osteoarthritis hospitalized in the orthopedic department of this hospital from January to June 2021 were selected, 20 healthy elderly subjects and 20 healthy young subjects were collected from the outpatient department.All 60 subjects conducted the gait analytical test.The subjects were divided into three groups: the young control group, elderly control group and elderly knee osteoarthritis group.Results Compared with the elderly control group and young control group, the walking speed and stride frequency in the elderly knee osteoarthritis group were slower, the stride length was shorter, the gait cycle was longer, and the double support phase was increased(P<0.05);compared with the young control group, the walking speed, stride length, gait period and double support phase in the elderly control group had no significant changes(P>0.05).Seeing Table 2.The step length bias had no statistically significant differences among 3 groups(P>0.05).Conclusion The gait of elderly patients with knee osteoarthritis is characterized by slow walking speed, low stride frequency, short stride length, long gait cycle and long dual support phase.