基于信息-动机-行为技巧的护理干预结合血糖负荷食物交换份法对妊娠期糖尿病患者饮食行为、血糖控制及妊娠结局的影响

Effects of nursing intervention based on information-motivation-behavioral skills combined with blood glucose load food exchange method on dietary behavior,blood glucose control and pregnancy outcome in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus

目的探究基于信息-动机-行为技巧的护理干预结合血糖负荷食物交换份法在妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)患者中的应用效果。方法选择2018年3月至2021年4月我院收治的90例GDM患者作为研究对象,根据护理方案将其分为对照组和观察组,各45例。对照组接受常规护理,观察组在对照组护理方案基础上加施基于信息-动机-行为技巧的护理干预结合血糖负荷食物交换份法。比较两组的干预效果。结果干预后,观察组的规律饮食、适中能量摄取、合理饮食选择评分均高于对照组(P<0.05)。干预后,观察组的空腹血糖(FPG)、餐后2 h血糖(2 h PG)、日间血糖平均绝对差(MODD)均低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组的不良妊娠结局总发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论基于信息-动机-行为技巧的护理干预结合血糖负荷食物交换份法可提高GDM患者的血糖控制效果,还能改善饮食行为及妊娠结局,值得推广。

Objective To explore the application effect of nursing intervention based on information-motivation-behavioral skills combined with blood glucose load food exchange method in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM).Methods A total of 90 patients with GDM admitted in our hospital from March 2018 to April 2021 were selected as the study objects.According to the nursing plan,the patients were divided into control group and observation group,with45 cases in each group.The control group received routine nursing,and the observation group received nursing intervention based on information-motivation-behavioral skills combined with blood glucose load food exchange method on the basis of the control group.The intervention effects of the two groups were compared.Results After intervention,the scores of regular diet,moderate energy intake and reasonable diet selection in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).After intervention,the fasting plasma glucose(FPG),2 h postprandial blood glucose(2 h PG)and mean of daily differences(MODD)in the observation group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).The total incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes in the observation group was lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Nursing intervention based on information-motivation-behavioral skills combined with blood glucose load food exchange method can improve the blood glucose control effect of GDM patients,and can also improve dietary behavior and pregnancy outcome,which is worthy of promotion.