饮食护理在糖尿病肾病行维持性血液透析患者中的效果分析

Analysis of the Effect of Dietary Care in Diabetic Nephropathy Patients on Maintenance Hemodialysis

目的 探讨对罹患糖尿病肾病并接受维持性血液透析患者给予饮食护理干预的临床效果。方法 选择2020年1月—2021年11月陆军第七十三集团军医院罹患糖尿病肾病并且接受维持性血液透析治疗的87例患者为研究对象,采用随机数表法分组。参照组43例接受传统普通护理,研究组44例在参照组传统普通护理基础上给予饮食护理干预。比较两组患者血糖水平、不良反应发生率、营养状态。结果 护理前,两组血糖水平比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);护理后,研究组空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖及餐后血红蛋白水平均低于参照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组不良反应发生率明显低于参照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。护理前,两组营养指标PA、ALB、DPI、TRF、nPCR水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);护理后,研究组各项营养指标水平均明显高于参照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 传统普通护理基础上给予饮食护理的效果更优,可显著改善患者的血糖水平以及营养状态,并提高安全性,促进患者良好预后。

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of dietary care intervention in patients with diabetic nephropathy who received maintenance hemodialysis.Methods 87 patients with diabetic nephropathy and receiving maintenance hemodialysis treatment in the 73 Army Group Hospital from January 2020 to November 2021 were selected as study subjects, and grouped with random number table method. 43 cases in the reference group received traditional general care. The 44 cases in the study group were given dietary care intervention based on traditional general care in the reference group. The blood glucose level, incidence of adverse reactions, and nutritional status of patients were compared between the groups.Results Before care, there was no statistically significant difference in blood glucose level between the two groups(P>0.05);after care, fasting blood glucose, 2 h postprandial blood glucose and postprandial hemoglobin levels in the study group were lower than those in the reference group, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). The total incidence of adverse reactions in the study group was significantly lower than that in the reference group, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). Before care, there was no statistically significant difference in the levels of nutritional indicators PA, ALB, DPI, TRF, and nPCR between the two groups(P>0.05);After care, the levels of all nutritional indicators in the study group were significantly higher than those in the reference group, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The effect of dietary care given on the basis of traditional general care is better, which can significantly improve the patients’ blood glucose level and nutritional status, and improve the safety and promote the good prognosis of patients.