精细化护理措施对糖尿病患者外科术后切口感染的预防作用

Prevention of Postoperative Surgical Incisional Infections in Diabetic Patients by Refined Nursing Measures

目的分析精细化护理措施对于糖尿病(diabetes mellitus,DM)患者外科术后切口感染的预防作用。方法选取2021年1—12月期间福州市长乐区医院150例DM外科手术患者作为研究对象,按照分组工具随机数表法将其划分为两组,即对照组(75例)与研究组(75例)。对照组行常规护理措施,研究组在此基础上采用精细化护理措施预防术后切口感染。针对两组术后切口甲级愈合率、术后切口感染率、血糖指标与护理满意度进行评价。结果研究组术后切口甲级愈合率92.00%高于对照组78.67%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=5.327,P<0.05);术后切口感染率0.00%低于对照组8.00%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.340,P<0.05)。干预前,两组空腹血糖(FPG)与餐后2 h血糖(2 hPG)指标比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后研究组FPG与2hPG指标较对照组低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组总满意率97.33%高于对照组86.67%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=5.797,P<0.05)。结论精细化护理措施对于DM患者外科术后切口感染具有显著预防作用,能够有效促进术后切口愈合,稳定血糖指标,提高护理满意度。

Objective To analyze the preventive effect of refined nursing measures on post-surgical incisional infections in patients with diabetes mellitus(DM).Methods 150 surgical patients with DM in Changle District Hospital,Fuzhou City,during January to December 2021 were selected as the study population and divided into two groups according to the grouping tool random number table,namely,the control group(75 cases)and the study group(75 cases).The control group performed conventional nursing measures,and the study group used refined nursing measures to prevent postoperative incisional infection on this basis.The postoperative incision A healing rate,postoperative incision infection rate,blood glucose index and nursing satisfaction were evaluated for both groups.Results The postoperative incision grade A healing rate of 92.00%in the study group was higher than that of 78.67%in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=5.327,P<0.05);and the postoperative incision infection rate of 0.00%was lower than that of 8.00%in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=4.340,P<0.05).The difference between the fasting plasma glucose(FPG)and 2 hours postprandial blood glucose(2 hPG)indexes of the two groups before the intervention was not statistically significant(P>0.05);the FPG and 2 hPG indexes of the study group were lower than those of the control group after the intervention,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The overall satisfaction rate of 97.33%in the study group was higher than 86.67%in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=5.797,P<0.05).Conclusion Refined nursing measures have a significant preventive effect on postoperative surgical incisional infections in patients with DM,and can effectively promote postoperative incisional healing,stabilize blood glucose index,and improve nursing satisfaction.