新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情期间养老院老年人主观幸福感的真实情感体验

Real emotional experience of subjective well-being of elderly people in nursing homes during the COVID-19 pandemic

目的描述养老院老年人在新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情期间主观幸福感的真实体验,并探讨该体验背后所包涵的意义,为提高其主观幸福感提供科学依据。方法采用质性研究中的现象学研究方法,于2021年2—5月对广州市松鹤养老院21名老年人进行半结构式访谈,采用Colaizzi 7步分析法对资料进行归纳分析。结果养老院老年人主观幸福感的真实体验为6个主题:对养老院管理服务满意;对融洽的人际关系满意;对拥有良好的身体状况满意;对家庭支持满意;对社会支持系统的感恩与期望;对疫情期间防疫工作满意和感恩。结论在管理服务完善的养老院生活、大家相互关心、身体健康、得到家庭和社会支持、心怀感恩以及领悟到家庭和社会支持的老年人会更容易感到幸福。提高养老院老年人主观幸福感水平需要养老院、老年人、家庭、社会等各方面的协同作用和支持。

Objective To describe the real experience of the elderly who has felt happy during the time they stayed at nursing homes,and discuss the meaning which is behind their experience during the COVID-19 pandemic,to provide scientific basis for improving their subjective well-being.Methods Qualitative explanatory phenomenological analysis methods,and semi-structured in-depth interviews were used to interview 21 elderly people living in Guangzhou Songhe Nursing Home.Data analysis and subject extraction were carried out with reference to the Colaizzi 7-step analysis.Results The real experience of subjective well-being of the elderly in nursing homes has six themes:be satisfied with the nursing home management service,be satisfied with harmonious interpersonal relationship,be satisfied with good health,be satisfied with family support,grateful and expectations for the social support system,be satisfied with and grateful for the epidemic prevention work during the COVID-19 epidemic.Conclusions The elderly who live in a nursing home with perfect management and service,care for each other,are healthy,receive family and social support,are grateful,and understand family and social support will be more likely to feel happy.Improving the subjective well-being of the elderly in nursing homes requires the coordination and support of nursing homes,the elderly,families,society and other aspects.