准南低信噪比复杂构造地震采集接收方式对资料的影响及分析

Influence and Discussion of Seismic Acquisition and Receiving Mode on Data of Low SNR Complex Structure in the Southern Margin of Junggar

因地震采集单点接收方式保留了地震波最原始的信号特征,为后续的应用提供了更为丰富的波场信息,逐步替代以往组合接收方式。该方法在准噶尔盆地的戈壁、农田、沙漠等地区的应用均取得了较好的勘探效果,而在南缘复杂山地运用单点接收方式需要达到怎样的覆盖次数才能满足勘探的地质任务是亟待解决的问题。本文借助正演模型,分析了信噪比与覆盖次数之间的关系,结合不同覆盖次数实际资料的信噪比,进一步对单点检波器接收的适用性及适用条件进行分析,结果显示在复杂山地低信噪比地区,观测系统满足不低于500次覆盖的采集条件,单点检波器接收可达到以往组合接收勘探效果,证明单点检波器接收在南缘低信噪比地区应用的可行性,为采集设计提供参考。

Because the original signal characteristics of seismic wave are preserved,the single point receiving method of seismic acquisition provides more abundant wave field information for subsequent applications and gradually replaces the previous combined receiving method.The application of this method in Gobi,farmland,desert and other areas of Junggar basin has achieved good exploration results,Then,how many times of coverage is needed to meet the geological task of exploration in the southern complex mountain area.With the help of forward model,this paper analyzes the relationship between signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)and acquisition coverage times,and further analyzes the applicability and application conditions of single point receiver reception based on the comparison of SNR of actual data with different coverage times.The conclusion shows that in the complex mountainous area with low SNR,The observing system meets the acquisition conditions of no less than 500 coverage,the single-point receiver reception can achieve the previous exploration effect obtained by combination reception,so it is feasible in the southern area of Junggar basin with low SNR,and provides a reference for acquisition design.