低压静电场-真空协同保鲜对白玉菇采后品质和抗氧化代谢的影响

Effect of Low-Voltage Electrostatic Field-Assisted Vacuum Storage on Postharvest Quality and Antioxidant Metabolism of White Hypsizygus marmoreus

本研究以采后白玉菇为对象,将其在温度(3±1)℃、相对湿度80%~85%条件下贮藏于低压静电场(电压150 V、频率1 000 Hz)、真空(压力26~36 kPa)协同保鲜设备中,通过生理生化指标测定以及感官分析,探究白玉菇贮藏期间的品质变化及抗氧化代谢情况。结果表明,低压静电场-真空协同贮藏(LVEF-Vac)组白玉菇的货架期可达14 d,低压静电场贮藏(LVEF)组白玉菇的货架期为12 d,对照(CK)组白玉菇的货架期只有9 d;与CK组相比,低压静电场和低压静电场-真空协同2种保鲜处理均可明显降低白玉菇呼吸强度,减少水分散失,显著改善其感官品质(P<0.05);与CK、LVEF组相比,LVEF-Vac组能够总体显著提高贮藏期间白玉菇抗氧化酶(抗坏血酸过氧化物酶、过氧化物酶、过氧化氢酶、谷胱甘肽还原酶和超氧化物歧化酶)活力,保持较高的抗氧化物质(谷胱甘肽、氧化型谷胱甘肽和抗坏血酸)含量,从而增强白玉菇直接和间接抗氧化系统的抗氧化能力,显著抑制过氧化氢和超氧阴离子自由基以及丙二醛含量的升高(P<0.05),降低膜脂过氧化的程度,维持细胞完整性。综上,低压静电场-真空协同保鲜技术能够改善白玉菇的保鲜品质,延缓采后白玉菇的衰老进程。

In this study, freshly harvested white Hypsizygus marmoreus was stored at(3 ± 1) ℃ and a relative humidity of 80%–85% under low-voltage electrostatic field(LVEF) conditions(150 V voltage and 1 000 Hz frequency) in vacuum(26–36 kPa pressure). Physiological and biochemical indicators and sensory quality were measured to evaluate changes in the mushroom’s quality and antioxidant mechanism during storage. The results showed that the shelf life of the mushroom treated with LVEF combined with vacuum(LVEF-Vac) was 14 days, the shelf life of the sample treated with LVEF was 12 day, and the shelf life of the control sample(stored at cold temperature and normal pressure) was nine days. Compared with the control group, LVEF and LVEF-Vac treatment significantly inhibited the respiratory intensity, reduced water loss,and improved the sensory quality of white Hypsizygus marmoreus(P < 0.05). Compared with the control and LVEF groups,LVEF-Vac treatment significantly improved antioxidant enzyme activities(ascorbic acid peroxidase, peroxidase, catalase,glutathione reductase and superoxide dismutase) and maintained higher contents of non-enzymatic antioxidant substances(glutathione, oxidized glutathione and ascorbic acid) in white Hypsizygus marmoreus(P < 0.05), which in turn enhanced the antioxidant capacity of the direct and indirect antioxidant systems, significantly inhibited the increase in the contents of hydrogen peroxide, superoxide anion radical and malondialdehyde(P < 0.05), reduced the degree of membrane lipid peroxidation, and maintained cell integrity. Taken together, LVEF-Vac treatment can improve the storage quality of white Hypsizygus marmoreus and delay the postharvest senescence process.