休谟经验主义美学思想再探赜

Re-exploring on Hume’s Empirical Aesthetic Idea

休谟的美学思想坚持经验主义立场,从激情理论入手,深入考察人的审美情感,奠定了经验主义美学基础。他认为美的本质与情感问题休戚相关,其关于美的本质的论断可称为审美情感论。审美客体和审美主体之间相互的作用,主要通过审美客体在审美主体心灵中产生。美是主客之间协调一致的一种状态,审美客体的特殊性质与构造引发审美主体愉悦或痛苦,审美主体的自身观念将审美情感的客体对象引向审美主体。休谟关于审美情感和审美趣味的理论,对古典与现代的艺术作品审美鉴赏具有重要借鉴意义,使我们能更好地进行审美活动,甄别审美趣味。

With the position of empiricism, starting from the theory of passion and deeply examining human’s aesthetic emotions, Hume’s aesthetic idea has laid the foundation of empirical aesthetics. He believes that the nature of beauty is closely related to emotional issues, and the assertion about the nature of beauty can be called aesthetic emotion. The interaction between aesthetic objects and aesthetic subjects mainly implements in the means of the functioning of aesthetic objects in the aesthetic subjects. Beauty is a state of coordination between subject and object. The special nature and structure of aesthetic objects trigger pleasure or pain in aesthetic subjects while the aesthetic subject’s own concept leads the object of aesthetic emotions to the aesthetic subject.Hume’s theory of aesthetic emotion and aesthetic taste has important reference significance for the reflection on the aesthetic appreciation of classical and modern works of art, so that we can better carry out aesthetic activities and identify aesthetic tastes.