不同基因多态性对他汀类药物影响的研究进展

Research progress on effect of different gene polymorphisms on statins

他汀类药物是目前临床应用最广泛的降脂药物,为心血管疾病的一级、二级预防的基石。他汀类药物为羟基-甲基戊二酰辅酶A还原酶抑制剂,可以显著降低血清总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、三酰甘油水平,同时可轻度升高高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平。目前研究的参与他汀类药物代谢的酶、转运蛋白、受体等基因多态性对他汀类药物安全性、不良反应有重要影响。阐述遗传因素载脂蛋白E、SLCO1B1、ATP结合盒转运蛋白B1、ABCG2、CYP、3-羟基-3-甲基戊二酰辅酶A还原酶基因等相关基因多态性对他汀类药物疗效和安全性的影响,为他汀类药物的个体化用药提供参考依据。

Statins are the most widely used lipid-lowering drugs in clinical practice, and are the cornerstone of primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease. Statins are hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors, which can significantly reduce serum total cholesterol(TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C), and triacylglycerol(TG) levels, and slightly increase high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C) levels. The genetic polymorphisms of enzymes, transporters, receptors and other genes involved in the metabolism of statins currently studied play an important role in safety and adverse reactions of statins. This article describes the influence of genetic factors such as ApoE gene, SLCO1B1 gene, ABCB1 gene, ABCG2 gene, CYP family gene, HMGCR gene, and other related gene polymorphisms on the efficacy and safety of statins, providing a reference for the individualized use of statins.