从旅游到休闲:中国旅游城市嬗变的策略

From Tourism to Leisure:The Evolving Direction for the Tourism Cities of China

城市职能是反映城市内部结构的风向标,中国旅游城市从旅游到休闲职能的转变是区域旅游需求革新的真实写照。通过对中国旅游城市的概念演变、功能、发展历程的综合分析,明确旅游城市与休闲城市的共同基础和内在差异,在评价旅游城市休闲质量的基础上,通过fsQCA组态法寻找嬗变路径。研究表明:(1)从嬗变基础来看,旅游与休闲既有联系也有区别,旅游城市与休闲城市有着共同的构成基础,但休闲城市的服务范畴更加广阔。(2)从嬗变因素来看,生态环境和气候条件是必要因素,在其基础上,可以通过经济引领、交通引领和人口引领三种组态助推旅游城市转型。(3)从嬗变路径来看,转变思路,摒弃旅游城市发展的旧观念是前提,要充分发挥经济、人口和交通层面的引领作用与生态环境层面的基础作用。

The transformation of China’s tourism cities from tourism to leisure is a true portrayal of the innovation of regional tourism demand.Through the comprehensive analysis of the conceptual evolution,function and development process of Chinese tourism cities,this paper clarifies the common basis and internal differences between tourism cities and leisure cities,evaluates the leisure quality of tourism cities and explores the transmutation path by the means of the fsQCA configuration method.The results show that:1)From the perspective of transmutation basis,tourism and leisure are both related and different,the service scope of leisure cities is broader,tourism cities and leisure cities have a common composition foundation.2)From the perspective of transmutation factors,ecological environment and climatic conditions are necessary conditions,on the basis of which the transformation of tourism cities can be promoted through three configurations:economic guidance,transportation guidance and population guidance.3)From the perspective of transmutation path,changing the way of thinking,abandoning the old concept of tourism city development are the premise.It should give full play to the leading role of economy,population and transportation and the basic role of ecological environment.