河南中小学生龋齿现状及相关因素分析

Analysis of dental caries among primary and middle school students in Henan Province

目的 分析河南省中小学生龋齿患病现状,探讨其影响因素,为防控学生龋齿提供参考。方法 利用2019年河南省学生体质健康调研数据,分析7,9,12,14岁学生龋齿相关指标,利用χ^(2)检验比较男女、城乡学生龋齿检出率和有无龋齿组贫血检出率,利用方差分析比较有无患龋学生的身高情况,利用多因素Logistic回归分析龋齿的相关因素。结果 中小学生龋齿患病率为56.6%,男生(53.4%)低于女生(59.7%),城市学生(53.4%)低于乡村学生(59.8%)(χ^(2)值分别为52.31,54.00,P值均<0.01)。无龋齿组的身高高于有龋齿组,身高差值为0.5~1.6 cm;随年龄增加,龋齿患病率呈下降趋势(χ^(2)趋势=992.01,P<0.01);有龋齿组的贫血检出率(16.7%)高于无龋齿组(14.9%),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=7.98,P<0.01)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄(OR=0.82)、性别(OR=1.27)、城乡(OR=1.26)、超重(OR=0.67)、肥胖(OR=0.67)均与龋齿存在相关性(P值均<0.01)。结论 河南中小学生龋齿患病率较高,龋齿影响学生生长发育和营养状况,应加强对中小学生龋齿的防控措施。

Objective To analyze dental caries and associated factors among primary and middle school students in Henan Province, so as to provide reference for dental caries prevention and control. Methods The data of physical health survey of students in Henan Province in 2019 was analyzed for caries and other related index of students aged 7, 9, 12, 14 years. Chi-square test was used to compare detection rate of caries by sex and residence, analysis of variance was used to compare the height between with and without risk of caries, and Logistic regression analysis was conducted for the influencing factors of caries. Results The caries rate was 56.6%. And the male students’(53.4%) was lower than the female students’(59.7%). The urban students’(53.4%) was lower than the rural students’(59.8%)(χ^(2)=52.31,54.00,P<0.01). The height of the caries-free group was higher than that of the caries group, and the height difference was 0.5-1.6 cm;the prevalence of caries decreased with the increase of age(χ^(2)=992.01, P<0.01). The detection rate of anemia in caries group(16.7%) was higher than that in caries free group(14.9%)(χ^(2)=7.98,P<0.01). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age(OR=0.82) gender(OR=1.27) urban area and rural(OR=1.26) overweight(OR=0.67) and obesity(OR=0.67) were all influencing factors of dental caries(P<0.01). Conclusion Dental caries is high among primary and middle school students in Henan Province, and dental caries affects their growth, development and nutritional status, and the prevention and control measures of dental caries among primary and middle school students should be strengthened.