山东省部分地区2020-2021年小兽携带鼠传病原体的调查

An investigation of rodent-borne pathogens in small mammals in some areas of Shandong province,China

目的 调查山东省部分地区小兽携带4种鼠传病原体情况,为鼠传疾病防制提供理论依据。方法 2020-2021年在山东省东营、潍坊、威海、临沂、滨州和菏泽市采集小兽肝、肾、脾和肺组织样本,应用TaqMan探针荧光PCR法检测钩端螺旋体(钩体)、巴尔通体,应用TaqMan探针反转录荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(RT-qPCR)法检测汉坦病毒、发热伴血小板减少综合征病毒(SFTSV)。采用Excel 2016和SPSS 20.0软件进行统计分析。结果 共捕获小兽973只,其中褐家鼠454只,小家鼠441只,黄胸鼠21只,黑线姬鼠52只,鼩鼱4只,小仓鼠1只。动物组织检测结果显示,肺组织汉坦病毒阳性26份(2.67%),肝、肾、脾组织钩体阳性13份(1.34%)、巴尔通体阳性36份(3.70%),未检出SFTSV。褐家鼠的汉坦病毒和巴尔通体复合感染率为0.62%。结论 山东省小兽存在汉坦病毒、钩体、巴尔通体的感染,应加强小兽携带鼠传病原体监测,优化鼠传疾病的防制工作,降低人群感染风险。

Objective To investigate the prevalence of 4 rodent-borne pathogens in small mammals in some areas of Shandong province, China, and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of rodent-borne diseases.Methods From 2020 to 2021, small mammals’ liver, kidney, spleen, and lung samples were collected in Dongying,Weifang, Weihai, Linyi, Binzhou, and Heze of Shandong province. TaqMan fluorescent probe-based real-time polymerase chain reaction(PCR) was used to detect Leptospira and Bartonella. TaqMan fluorescent probe-based real-time reverse transcription PCR(RT-qPCR) was used to detect hantavirus and severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus(SFTSV). Excel 2016 and SPSS 20.0 softwares were used for statistical analysis. Results A total of 973small mammals were collected, including 454 Rattus norvegicus, 441 Mus musculus, 21 R. tanezumi, 52 Apodemus agrarius, 4 Sorex spp., and 1 species of Cricetulus. The assay of lung tissues showed that 26(2.67%) were positive for hantavirus. The assay of liver, spleen, and kidney tissues showed that 13(1.34%) were positive for Leptospira and 36(3.70%) were positive for Bartonella. No SFTSV was detected. The co-infection rate with hantavirus and Bartonella was0.62% in R. norvegicus. Conclusion Small mammals in Shandong province carry a variety of pathogens including hantavirus, Leptospira, and Bartonella. It is necessary to strengthen the rodent-borne pathogen surveillance in small mammals and optimize the prevention and control of rodent-borne diseases to reduce the risk of human infection.