药物雾化吸入疗法联合纤支镜介入疗法治疗支气管内膜结核患者的疗效分析

Efficacy Analysis of Drug Nebulized Inhalation Therapy Combined with Fibrinoscopic Intervention in the Treatment of Patients with Endobronchial Tuberculosis

目的探讨对支气管内膜结核者在药物雾化吸入治疗基础上联合纤支镜介入治疗的临床效果。方法选择扬州市第三人民医院2017年1月—2021年12月收治的80例支气管内膜结核者为研究对象,以随机数表法分为药物雾化吸入治疗的对照组(n=40)与联合纤支镜介入治疗的观察组(n=40)。比较两组临床疗效及痰菌转阴率,评估治疗前后FEV1、FVC、PEF水平,并检测治疗前后T淋巴细胞亚群水平评估机体免疫功能。结果观察组总有效率、痰菌转阴率分别为92.50%、60.00%,较对照组72.50%、32.50%高,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=5.541、6.084,P<0.05)。治疗后,观察组FEV1、FVC、PEF水平分别为(1.92±0.33)L、(3.01±0.54)L、(3.71±0.44)L/s,均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=3.213、2.836、2.583,P<0.05)。治疗后,观察组CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)水平分别为(65.95±7.73)%、(39.50±5.04)%、(1.72±0.31),均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=2.809、4.895、5.969,P<0.05)。结论对支气管内膜结核患者予药物雾化吸入联合纤支镜介入疗法治疗能提高临床疗效,并可改善患者的肺功能及免疫功能。

Objective To explore the clinical effect of combined fibrinoscopic intervention in patients with endobronchial tuberculosis on the basis of drug nebulized inhalation therapy.Methods 80 cases of endobronchial tuberculosis admitted to Yangzhou Third People’s Hospital from January 2017 to December 2021 were selected and divided into a control group(n=40)treated with drug nebulization inhalation and an observation group(n=40)treated with combined fibrinoscopic intervention by random number table method.The clinical efficacy and sputum bacteria conversion rate of the two groups were compared.The levels of FEV1,FVC and PEF were evaluated before and after treatment,and the levels of T-lymphocyte subpopulation were measured before and after treatment to assess the immune function of the body.Results The total effective rate and sputum conversion rate of the observation group were 92.50%and 60.00%,respectively,which were higher than those of the control group 72.50%and 32.50%,with statistically significant differences(χ^(2)=5.541,6.084,P<0.05).After treatment,FEV1,FVC and PEF levels in the observation group were(1.92±0.33)L,(3.01±0.54)L and(3.71±0.44)L/s,respectively,which were higher than those in the control group,with statistically significant differences(t=3.213,2.836,2.583,P<0.05).After treatment,the CD3^(+),CD4^(+),and CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)levels in the observation group were(65.95±7.73)%,(39.50±5.04)%,and(1.72±0.31),respectively,all higher than those in the control group,with statistically significant differences(t=2.809,4.895,5.969,P<0.05).Conclusion The treatment of patients with endobronchial tuberculosis with drug nebulized inhalation combined with fibrinoscopic intervention can improve the clinical efficacy and the lung function and immune function of patients.