分泌物涂片检查霉菌及滴虫性阴道炎的结果研究

Results of Secretion Smear Examination of Colpomycosis and Trichomonal Vaginitis

目的探讨阴道分泌物涂片中霉菌和滴虫性阴道炎的检出结果,分析霉菌和滴虫性阴道炎不同季节和阴道分泌物清洁度的特点,为临床诊治提供参考。方法选取2021年1—12月在峨眉山市人民医院进行妇科检查的3096份阴道分泌物涂片,观察分泌物涂片中霉菌性阴道炎和滴虫性阴道炎的检出情况。结果在2021年的3096份阴道分泌物涂片中,共检出616份霉菌性阴道炎,占19.9%;检出滴虫性阴道炎132份,占4.3%。在4、5、6月份的810份阴道分泌物涂片中,共检出霉菌性阴道炎和滴虫性阴道炎292份,检出率为36.0%,其他月份共检出456份,检出率为19.9%,4、5、6月份的霉菌和滴虫性阴道炎检出率明显高于其他月份,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。阴道分泌物清洁度为Ⅲ度、Ⅳ度的分泌物涂片霉菌及滴虫阴道炎检出率分别为39.8%和41.3%,均显著高于清洁度Ⅰ度(5.3%)和清洁度Ⅱ度(8.7%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在阴道分泌物涂片中,霉菌性阴道炎占比较高,在春季4、5月份和初夏6月份的霉菌及滴虫性阴道炎检出率明显高于其他季节月份,阴道分泌物清洁度Ⅲ度、Ⅳ度的霉菌及滴虫性阴道炎检出率高,但清洁度Ⅰ度、Ⅱ度同样存在霉菌及滴虫性阴道炎的检出率,因此不能仅因清洁度低就完全排除妇科炎症。

Objective To investigate the detection results of colpomycosis and trichomonal vaginitis in vaginal secretions smear,and to analyze the characteristics of colpomycosis and trichomonal vaginitis in different seasons and the cleanliness of vaginal secretions,so as to provide reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment.Methods A total of 3096 vaginal secretions smears that underwent gynecological examination in Mount Emei People’s Hospital from January to December 2021 were selected to observe the detection of colpomycosis and trichomonal vaginitis in the secretions smears.Results Of the 3096 smears of vaginal secretions in 2021,616 of colpomycosis were detected,accounting for 19.9%.Trichomonal vaginitis was detected in 132,accounting for 4.3%.A total of 292 of colpomycosis and trichomonal vaginitis were detected in 810 smears of vaginal secretions in April,May and June,with a detection rate of 36.0%,in other months,456 cases were detected,with a detection rate of 19.9%,the detection rates of colpomycosis and trichomonal vaginitis in April,May and June were significantly higher than those in other months,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The detection rates of colpomycosis and trichomonal vaginitis were 39.8%and 41.3%when the cleanliness of vaginal secretions was gradeⅢandⅣ,the detection rates were significantly higher than those of cleanlinessⅠdegree(5.3%)and cleanlinessⅡdegree(8.7%),and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Colpomycosis accounted for a higher proportion of vaginal secretions smears,and the detection rates of colpomycosis and trichomonal vaginitis in April and May in spring and June in early summer were also significantly higher than those in other seasonal months.The detection rate of colpomycosis and trichomonal vaginitis in vaginal secretion cleanlinessⅢandⅣis high,but the detection rate of colpomycosis and trichomonal vaginitis in vaginal secretion cleanlinessⅠandⅡalso exists.Therefore,gynecologic inflammation cannot be completely excluded simply because of low cleanliness.