清末赣南客民的土地经营与纠纷——以大余县龙虎寨下唐氏文书为例

The Land Management and Dispute of the Hakkas in the South of Jiangxi in the Late Qing Dynasty——Taking the Tang’s Contract Documents in Longhu Village of Dayu County as an Example

直至清末,赣南仍然还有新移民移入定居。在这个过程中,客民的土地经营成为观察客民在地化的重要切入口。保存下来的大余龙虎寨下唐氏文书归户性强,涉及土地交易文书繁多。以唐氏文书为线索,可以勾勒出清末民国年间龙虎寨下客民唐仲三的土地经营情况,揭示其土地经营具有开拓性、多样性、规模性的特点。此外,唐仲三的土地经营是一个动态的过程,与唐仲三融入龙虎寨下的进程密切相关。唐仲三的土地经营个案对深入了解客民在地化问题以及赣南乡村社会结构重建、社会关系变动有着重要意义。

Until the end of the Qing Dynasty,there were still new immigrants in Gannan.In this process,the land management of the Hakkas became an important entrance to observe the localization of the Hakkas.The preserved Tang’s documents under the Dayu Longhu Village have a strong sense of reversion,involving a large number of land transaction documents.With Tang’s documents as clues,we can sketch out the land management of Tang Zhongsan,who lived in Longhu Village during the late Qing Dynasty.This reveals that its land management has the characteristics of pioneering,diversity and scale.In addition,Tang Zhongsan’s land management is a dynamic process,which is closely related to the process of Tang Zhongsan’s integration into Longhu Village.Tang Zhongsan’s land management case is of great significance for in-depth understanding of the localization of the Hakkas,as well as the reconstruction of the social structure and social relations in the rural areas of Gannan.