论唐宋庐山诗僧群体的发生、变迁

Lushan Mountain and the Emergence and Change of Poets and Monks in Jiangxi in Tang and Song Dynasties

唐宋庐山诗僧群体的发生、变迁是与中外文化交流、朝代更替、社会转型发展等密切关联的复杂问题。从魏晋到唐代再到北宋,庐山诗僧群体经历从“佛理”到“苦吟”再到“世俗化”的过程,从一个虚幻的纯净世界走向纯粹的诗艺世界再走向日常的世俗世界。唐代庐山诗僧群体已慢慢从早期诗僧“谈佛”的禅诗中走出来,回到诗歌本身,甚至把探索诗艺看成终身功业。相对于唐代庐山诗僧群体,北宋庐山诗僧群体的诗歌艺术更为成熟,他们保留着唐代庐山诗僧群体“诗禅合一”的创作特色,由于北宋庐山诗僧们的交流更频繁,酬答、送别仍然是北宋庐山诗僧们的日常生活,且北宋庐山诗僧群体已慢慢从唐五代庐山诗僧群体“苦吟”中走出来,不仅回到诗歌本身上来,也慢慢回到俗世生活本身上来,朝着“世俗化”转向。

The occurrence and change of poets and monks in Lushan Mountain in Tang and Song Dynasties is a complex problem closely related to the cultural exchange between China and foreign countries,the change of dynasties,the transformation and development of society,etc.From the Wei and Jin Dynasties to the Tang Dynasty to the Northern Song Dynasty,the group of poets and monks in Lushan experienced a process from"Buddhism"to"bitter chanting"and then to"secularization",that is,from an illusory pure world to a pure poetic world and then to a daily secular world.Specifically,the group of poets and monks in Lushan Mountain in Tang Dynasty has gradually stepped out of the Zen poems of early poets"talking about Buddhism",returned to poetry itself,and even regarded the exploration of poetic art as a lifelong achievement.Compared with the Tang Dynasty Lushan poets,the poetry art of the Northern Song Dynasty Lushan poets is more mature,and they keep the creative characteristics of the Tang Dynasty Lushan poets’"combination of poetry and Zen".Because of the more frequent exchanges between the Northern Song Dynasty Lushan poets,the reward and farewell are still the daily life of the Northern Song Dynasty Lushan poets.Moreover,the Northern Song Dynasty Lushan poets have slowly come out of the"bitter chanting"of the Tang and Five Dynasties Lushan poets,not only returning to poetry itself,but also slowly returning.