苏俄心理学主流理论的马克思主义取向

On the Orientation of Marxism in Soviet and Russian Psychology Mainstream Theory System

自1879年科学心理学诞生的100多年以来,马克思主义心理学只在苏俄心理学体系内成为主流,但在其他所有国家都被边缘化,其根本性原因是苏俄社会及文化的独特性。20世纪20年代后马克思主义对苏联社会的政治、经济、文化、教育等各方面都产生了巨大的影响,成为了标签和符号。在20世纪前半叶苏联的社会及政治背景下,马克思主义心理学成为苏俄的主流心理学,这是维果茨基和其他一大批苏俄马克思主义心理学家共同努力的结果,也是苏俄心理学理论体系的最独特之处。

Since the birth of scientific psychology in 1879,more than 100 years Marxist psychology had only become mainstream in the Soviet Russian psychological system,but it was marginalized in all other countries,the fundamental reason was the uniqueness of Soviet society and culture.After the 1920 s,Marxism had a tremendous impact on the political,economic,cultural,and educational aspects of Soviet society,and gradually integrated into Soviet social culture,become a label and symbol.In short,in the social and political context of the Soviet Union in the first half of the 20 th century,Marxist psychology had become the mainstream psychology of Soviet Russia,it was the result of the joint efforts of Vygotsky and a large number of Soviet Marxist psychologists,and it was also the most unique aspect of the Russian Russian psychological theory system.