风洞条件下高剂量性信息素对二化螟求偶、交配和产卵的影响

Effects of high dose sex pheromone on courtship, mating and oviposition of Chilo suppressalis (Walker) in the wind tunnel

为了探明在高剂量性信息素环境下二化螟[Chilo suppressalis (Walker)]的求偶、交配和产卵行为,采用风洞试验模拟交配干扰环境,并结合行为观测和化学方法分析性信息素滴度。结果表明:在风洞中,每次释放3.1 mg高剂量Z11-16:Ald或三元混合物[m(Z11-16:Ald)∶m(Z9-16:Ald)∶m(Z13-18:Ald)=10∶1∶1.2]会显著抑制雌蛾的交配率和性信息素滴度,但2个处理间没有显著差异,且雌雄蛾配对数量、喷射间隔时间之间没有显著差异。在喷射或未喷射高剂量Z11-16:Ald环境下,去除触角的雄蛾交配率分别降至(8.3±1.1)%和(10.0±8.9)%。在高剂量性信息素环境下,雌蛾产卵量和卵孵化率没有受到影响;雌蛾日龄显著影响与雄蛾的交配率,1、3、5日龄雌蛾与1日龄雄蛾的交配率分别为(60.0±5.2)%、(31.7±6.0)%、(8.3±3.1)%,且雌蛾随日龄增长产卵量和卵孵化率下降。综上所述,高剂量性信息素环境会抑制二化螟的交配率和性信息素滴度,但不影响雌蛾的产卵量和卵孵化率,而雌蛾日龄对产卵量和卵孵化率有影响;交配率的下降可能与雄蛾嗅觉系统被钝化有关。

To explore the courtship, mating and oviposition behavior of Chilo suppressalis(Walker) in a high dose sex pheromone environment, the mating disruption was simulated in a wind tunnel, and the sex pheromone titers were analyzed in combination with behavioral observation and chemical methods. The results showed that in the wind tunnel, the high dose of Z11-16:Ald and the ternary blend [m(Z11-16:Ald)∶m(Z9-16:Ald)∶m(Z13-18:Ald)=10∶1∶1.2] of 3.1 mg per spraying significantly inhibited the mating rates and sex pheromone titers of female moths, but no significant differences were found between the two treatments. There were no significant differences in the number of mating pairs of male and female moths and the time interval between each spraying. The mating rates of male moths with the removal of antennae decreased to(8.3±1.1)% and(10.0±8.9)%, respectively, in the environment of spraying or not spraying high dose Z11-16:Ald. The number of laid eggs and egg hatching rates were not affected in the high dose sex pheromone environment. The ages of female moths significantly affected the mating rates with male moths. The mating rates of 1, 3 and 5 dayold female moths with 1 day-old male moths were(60.0±5.2)%,(31.7±6.0)%, and(8.3±3.1)%, respectively. The number of laid eggs and egg hatching rates of female moths decreased with the ages. In conclusion, the high dose sex pheromone Z11-16: Ald and complete blend can inhibit the mating rates and sex pheromone titers of C.suppressalis, and have no impact on the number of laid eggs and egg hatching rates of female moths, but the ages of female moths can affect the number of laid eggs and egg hatching rates;and the decrease in mating rates might be related to the inactivation of olfactory system of male moths.