私有化与经济、社会权利

Privatization and Economic and Social Rights

对于经济、社会权利的实现来说,私有化已成为一种日益占主导地位的模式。然而迄今为止,在有关经济、社会权利的学术研究和实践中,对私有化的关注比较少,从而导致在规范和实证方面的研究存在大量空白。研究私有化与经济、社会权利可以基于国家的尊重、保护和实现义务框架,从经济、社会权利角度分析该框架(以及在工作中采用该框架的条约机构)是如何解决私有化所带来的问题的。对此,引入专注于实现义务的新方法将有助于极大地增强有关经济、社会权利的法律效力,因为它能够明确和解决私有化情况下存在问题的国家决策和国家行为。

Privatization is an ever more dominant model of economic and social rights(ESR)realization. Thus far, however, there has been relatively little attention paid to privatization in ESR scholarship and practice, resulting in a significant lacuna from both a normative and an empirical perspective. Taking as its starting point the delineation of ESR obligations in terms of the tripartite typology of respect, protect, and fulfill, this article critiques how that framework(and the treaty bodies which employ it in their work) addresses privatization from an ESR perspective. The author outlines a new approach—focused on the obligation to fulfill—which would contribute significantly to the ability of ESR law as it stands to capture and address the scope of state decision-making and(in)action at issue in privatization situations.