切斯特曼翻译社会学视角下的翻译实践探赜——以《疫苗竞赛:人类对抗疾病的代价》的译介为例

An Analysis on the Translation Practice from Chesterman’s View on the Sociology of Translation——On the Chinese Translation of The Vaccine Race

二十一世纪初翻译研究开始发生“社会学转向”,将翻译活动置于社会网络中进行考察,分析译者或译品与出版人或代理人及翻译市场的互动关系。著名翻译理论家切斯特曼提供了一套以译者为中心的翻译实践分析方法,以期发现翻译实践的因果关系如何运作并影响翻译活动的发生、发展与完成。采用切斯特曼的翻译社会学思想(四因观、实践观和应用观)为理论视角,以译林出版社的《疫苗竞赛:人类对抗疾病的代价》(2020)一书的译介活动为个案,使用访谈的方法获得译者罗爽从事翻译实践活动的一手资料,考察以译者为中心的翻译实践活动在社会网络中如何运作并在社会语境中完成建构,获得社会和读者的正面反馈。

Translation studies began to undergo a “sociological turn” at the beginning of the 21st century, placing translation activities on social networks for investigation, and analyzing the interactive relationship between translators/translated products, publishers or agents and the market. The famous translation theorist Andrew Chesterman provides a set of translator-centered analysis methods of translation practice to discover how the causality of translation practice works and affects the occurrence, development and completion of translation activities. This study adopts Chesterman’s thoughts on the sociology of translation(four factors, practice and application) as the theoretical perspective, taking the translation and introduction activities of the book The Vaccine Race: Science, Politics, and the Human Costs of Defeating Disease as a case, using the method of interviews to obtain the first-hand information about the translation practice activities of the translator Luo Shuang and examine how translator-centered translation practice activities operate within the social network, complete the construction in the social context and obtain positive feedback from the society and the readers.