“刑法先行”路径下侵犯公民个人信息罪犯罪圈的调适

Adjustment of Criminalization Scope of the Infringement of Personal Information of Citizens under the Background of “Criminal Law First”

我国个人信息保护呈现出“刑法先行”的发展脉络,前置法的大规模增补实际是在《刑法修正案(九)》施行之后。在个人信息保护前置法丰富发展、特别是《个人信息保护法》施行的新背景下,刑法应当彻底回归二次法的角色,对标前置规定妥当调整犯罪圈。厘清侵犯公民个人信息罪与前置法的关系可以发现,相关刑法规则与前置规定交互影响,共同形成个人信息保护的完整规范体系格局。由此,应当在维持现有刑法规范与司法规则的基础上,着力于公民个人信息的范围和敏感公民个人信息的认定两个具体问题,通过对司法具体案件的妥当把握,实现侵犯公民个人信息罪犯罪圈的妥当调适。

The legal protection of personal information in China shows the path of“criminal law first”.The large-scale addition of the other regulations actually came into effect after the implementation of the“Criminal Law Amendment (Ⅸ)”.Under the new background of the rich development of personal information protection law,especially the implementation of the Personal Information Protection Law,the Criminal Law should completely return to the role of secondary law,and properly adjust the scope of criminalization according to the other types of regulation.In clarifying the relationship between the criminalization of infringement of personal information and the other regulations,it can be found that the relevant articles of criminal law interact with the other types of regulation,which form a complete normative system for the protection of personal information altogether.Therefore,on the basis of maintaining the existing criminal law norms and judicial rules,in order to properly adjust the scope of criminalization of the infringement of personal information,it should focus on the scope of personal information and the identification of sensitive information of citizens,and combine them with specific analysis of judicial cases.