政策工具视角下我国托育教师队伍建设的政策文本分析

Policy Text Analysis of Construction of Childcare Teaching Workforce from the Perspective of Policy Tools

采用基本政策工具与教师队伍建设要素构建二维分析框架,对2010—2021年我国涉及托育教师队伍建设的政策文本进行整理、编码和分析。结果发现,我国托育教师队伍建设政策呈现阶段式发展特征;政策工具选择趋向多元化,但命令性工具过溢;政策形式强制力偏弱,法制化不足;国家与地方政府政策一致性较高,缺乏责任明确性与内容互补性;建设内容趋于多样化,但仍不够全面。据此提出,优化政策工具使用结构,加强整合性与系统性;促进法治化进程,提升政策效力;完善国家与地方政策衔接体系,助推分责与互补;丰富政策要素内容,优化托育教师队伍建设。

A dual-dimensional analytical framework of basic policy tools and teaching workforce construction elements is adopted to collate, code and analyze the policy texts related to the construction of childcare staff in China from 2010 to 2021.The study finds that policies on the construction of childcare staff are characterized by phased development. The choice of policy tools tends to be diversified, but there is an overflow of imperative tools. The coercive power of policy forms is weak and legalization is insufficient. The consistency of national and local government policies is high, but there is a lack of clarity of responsibility and complementarity of content. The content of construction tends to be diversified, but it is still not comprehensive. It is recommended that the structure of the use of policy tools should be optimized to strengthen integration and systematization, the process of legalization should be promoted to enhance policy effectiveness, the system of articulation between national and local policies should be improved to facilitate the division of responsibilities and complementarity, and the content of policy elements should be enriched and the construction of conservation staff should be optimized.