湖泊生态服务生产函数构建研究--以博斯腾湖为例

Construction of lake ecosystem service production function:A case study of Lake Bosten,China

湖泊生态系统服务(LES)在维持区域乃至全球生态安全格局中发挥重要作用,是目前生态系统服务研究的热点之一。由于湖泊面广量大、类型丰富、区域差异大及基础数据较为缺乏等原因,适用于LES定量评估且较为便捷、可行的模型方法较少。本文以博斯腾湖为例,基于生态系统最终服务与关键特征指标构建湖泊生态服务生产函数(LEPF),用于定量评估湖泊生态系统服务价值(LESV)并甄别关键特征指标的贡献度。结果表明:(1)博斯腾湖19902019年生态系统最终服务年均价值量为2226.84亿元,总体呈“上升下降上升”的变化趋势,气候调节、防洪蓄水为主导生态系统服务;(2)LEPF拟合结果较好地反映了5类关键特征指标对LESV的贡献度,从高到低依次为:湖泊水位>蒸发量>面积>水生植被面积>综合营养状态指数;(3)5类关键特征指标中水位的产出弹性较高,表明水位波动与生态系统最终服务价值变化密切相关。

Lake ecosystem services(LES)is of great importance in guaranteeing regional and global ecological security,which provides a research hotspot in ecological economics at home and abroad.However,there are only few models and methods suitable for LES evaluation quantitatively,under the circumstance of large lake areas,a variety of types,large regional differences,lack of basic data,and so on.Based on final ecosystem services and key characteristic indicators,this paper took Lake Bosten as an example,built a model named lake ecoservice production function(LEPF)to assess lake ecosystem services valuation(LESV)and identify the contributions of key characteristic indicators quantitatively.The results showed that:(1)From 1990 to 2019,the average final services of Lake Bosten reached￥2226.84 billion yuan,with an overall trend of"rising-falling-rising",and the dominant ecosystem services included climate regulation,flood control and water storage;(2)The LEPF fitting results nicely reflected the contribution degree of the selected key characteristic indicators on the LES,from high to low,as follows:lake water level>evaporation>area>aquatic vegetation area>integrated nutritional status index;(3)The output elasticity of the water level in the five types of the key characteristic indicators was relatively high,indicating that the fluctuation of the water level was closely related to the changes in the ultimate service value of the ecosystem.