论笔记文体的“杂”与“同”——以明代笔记为例

On "Miscellaneousness" and "Sameness" of Note Style——Taking Notes of Ming Dynasty as an Example

历代笔记作品最突出的特征是“杂”。以明代笔记为例,可以从笔记命名繁杂、内容组成庞杂、作者身份驳杂、创作动机复杂四个方面分析笔记的“杂”。与此同时,在笔记作品中还有各种“同”的存在。这体现在笔记创作方式的相似性、对前代经典作品的继承性和追求立言不朽的目的性三个方面。既看清“杂”的表象,又看清“同”的原因,对笔记的宏观把握就更加准确。

The most prominent feature of the notes of the past dynasties is "miscellaneousness", and the more complex social background and reasons are hidden behind the surface characteristics of "miscellaneousness". Specifically, we can analyze the "miscellaneousness" of notes from four aspects: complex naming of notes, complex content composition, complex author identity and complex specific creative motivation;At the same time, there are all kinds of "sameness" in note works. This is reflected in the similarity of note writing methods, the inheritance of previous classic works and the purpose of pursuing immortality. The macro grasp of notes is more accurate by making clear of both appearance of "miscellaneousess" and the reason of "sameness".