摘要
当前出于对全球气候变化的担心以及获取能源资源的需求,甲烷日渐成为人类社会关注的焦点。海洋中聚集了巨量的天然气水合物,存在与甲烷有关的多种重要生化作用,支持了海底繁盛的化能自养合成生物群落,有效调节了进入大气的甲烷通量,在全球碳循环中的地位无可替代。同时,因天然气水合物动态活动造成的甲烷泄漏是岩石圈向外部圈层进行物质和能量输送的重要途径,对海洋环境有着深远影响。系统介绍了现代海底甲烷泄漏的地质控制因素、沉积物和水体对富甲烷流体的消耗、海洋甲烷循环模拟研究以及全球典型海域甲烷观测及相关研究成果,最后指出了海洋甲烷循环研究发展趋势。综合考虑了环境、生物和技术因素对海洋甲烷循环的影响和限制,从一个地质工作者的视角对阶段成果和存在问题进行审视,并提出了自己的思考,借此引发全社会对与甲烷有关的重大科学问题及海洋观测技术的重视与支持。
Out of concern for global climate change and the demand for energy resources, methane has increasingly become the current focus of human society. A large amount of natural gas hydrate is stored in the ocean, which has many important biochemical reactions related to methane, supports the prosperous chemoautotrophic synthetic biological community on the seabed, effectively regulates the methane flux into the atmosphere, and plays an irreplaceable role in the global carbon cycle. At the same time, methane seepage caused by the dynamic activity of natural gas hydrate is a critical way to transport material and energy from the lithosphere to the outer sphere, which has a far-reaching impact on the marine environment. In this paper, we systematically introduce the geological control factors of modern seabed methane seepage, the consumption of methane by sediments and water columns, the simulation research of marine methane cycle, the methane observation and relevant research results in typical sea areas, and finally points out the development trend of marine methane cycle research. This review comprehensively considers the influence and limitation of environmental, biological and technological factors on the marine methane cycle,examines the temporary achievements and existing problems from the perspective of a geologist, and puts forward our own thinking, hoping to arouse the attention and support of the whole society to the major scientific problems related to methane and subsequent marine observation technology.
作者
孙治雷
印萍
徐思南
曹红
徐翠玲
张喜林
耿威
孙伟香
吴能友
张栋
翟滨
吕泰衡
周渝程
曹又文
陈烨
SUN Zhilei;YIN Ping;XU Sinan;CAO Hong;XU Cuiling;ZHANG Xilin;GENG Wei;SUN Weixiang;WU Nengyou;ZHANG Dong;ZHAI Bin;LV Taiheng;ZHOU Yucheng;CAO Youwen;CHEN Ye(The Key Laboratory of Gas Hydrate,Ministry of Natural Resources,Qingdao Institute of Marine Geology,Qingdao 266237,China;Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources,Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao),Qingdao 266237,China;Qingdao Urban Drainage Monitoring Station,Qingdao 266002,China;Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing 100037,China;Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China)
出处
《海洋地质与第四纪地质》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第6期67-81,共15页
Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology
基金
国家自然科学基金“海洋甲烷拦截带对冷泉流体的消耗研究:来自南海东沙海域的观测与研究”(42176057),“冲绳海槽海底冷泉-热液系统相互作用及资源效应”(91858208)
青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室山东省专项经费(2021QNLM020002)
中国地质调查局海洋地质调查二级项目(DD20221707)。
关键词
海洋甲烷循环
天然气水合物
环境效应
甲烷过滤器
模拟
海洋观测技术
oceanic methane cycle
natural gas hydrates
environmental effects
methane filters
simulation
ocean observation technologies