康德式人工道德行动者的伦理地位研究

A Study on the Ethical Status of Kantian Artificial Moral Agents

伴随机器人和人工智能越来越融入当前的社会环境,它们似乎不可避免地会成为具备道德行为能力的人工道德行动者。一些学者认为康德哲学为建构人工道德行动者提供了最好的机会。相较于易受感性经验影响的人类行动者,以康德哲学为伦理框架设计的道德机器人在某种意义上更有资格作为康德哲学语境中的道德行动者。不可否认,康德伦理学对建构道德机器人具有重要的意义,建构康德式人工道德行动者也应该是机器人伦理学研究中的必要目标。但是,按康德伦理框架创造的人工道德行动者是纯粹理性的道德机器,缺失了真正道德行动者应该具有的实践性情感能力,因此康德式人工道德行动者不能获得真正道德行动者的伦理地位。

As robots and AI become increasingly integrated into the current social environment,it seems inevitable that they will become artificial moral agents and have the ability to moral behavior.Some scholars believe that Kantian philosophy offers the best opportunity for constructing artificial moral agents.Moral robots designed with Kantian philosophy as an ethical framework are more qualified to act as moral agents in the context of Kantian philosophy than human agents which are easily influenced by perceptual experience.There is no denying the importance of Kantian ethics for the construction of moral robots,and the construction of Kantian artificial moral agents should be a necessary goal of robot ethics research.However,the artificial moral agents created according to the Kantian ethical framework are purely rational moral machines lacking the practical emotional capacity that true moral agents should have,and therefore the Kantian artificial moral agents cannot obtain the ethical status of true moral agents.