间歇充气加压装置预防创伤患者静脉血栓栓塞症的证据总结

Evidence summary of intermittent pneumatic compression devices in preventing venous thromboembolism for trauma patients

目的检索、评价并总结间歇充气加压装置预防创伤患者静脉血栓栓塞症的最佳证据。方法按照"6S"证据模型自上而下进行证据检索,包括指南、临床决策、证据总结、专家共识、系统评价等,检索时限为建库至2021年10月31日。由2名研究员对文献质量进行独立评价、证据提取和证据汇总。结果共纳入21篇文献,其中指南13篇,临床决策1篇,证据总结1篇,专家共识2篇,系统评价4篇,从治疗前评估、禁忌与适用条件、治疗策略、培训和健康教育4个维度汇总出27条最佳证据。结论该研究总结了创伤患者使用间歇充气加压装置预防静脉血栓栓塞症的证据,可为护理人员针对机械性血栓预防实施科学有效的规范化管理提供依据。应用证据时需结合临床实际和患者意愿,有针对性地选用证据,以提高间歇充气加压装置预防血栓的有效性。

Objective To summarize the best evidence for intermittent pneumatic compression devices in preventing venous thromboembolism for trauma patients.Methods According to"6S"evidence model,computer evidence retrieval was carried out.Guidelines,clinical decisions,evidence summaries,expert consensuses,and systematic reviews regarding intermittent pneumatic compression in preventing of venous thromboembolism for trauma patients were considered.The retrieval time limit was from the establishment of the database to October 31,2021.Two researchers independently appraised articles,and extracted data for eligible studies.Results A total of 21 articles were enrolled,including 13 guidelines,1 clinical decision,1 evidence summary,2 expert consensuses,4 systematic reviews.Totally 27 items of best evidence were summarized from four aspects:pretherapeutic evaluation,contraindications and applicable conditions,therapeutic strategies,training and education.Conclusions This study summarized the best evidence of using intermittent pneumatic compression devices to prevent venous thromboembolism for trauma patients,which can provide evidence-based practice bases for nurses to implement scientific and effective standardized management of mechanical thromboprophylaxis.It is necessary to select evidence according to clinical practice and patients′wishes,so as to improve the effectiveness of using IPC in preventing thrombosis.