老年血液透析患者预立医疗照护计划的研究进展

Research progress of advance care planning for elderly hemodialysis patients

随着安宁疗护的加速发展,越来越多的人关注到患者终末期生命质量问题。老年血液透析患者因透析相关并发症、共病负担及认知障碍,生命质量低下,给患者、家庭和社会带来了沉重的生理、心理和经济负担。预立医疗照护计划有助于提高患者生命质量、节约有限医疗资源。通过查阅国内外相关文献,现对预立医疗照护计划概述、与老年血液透析患者讨论预立医疗照护计划的必要性、预立医疗照护计划实施现状及阻碍推广的影响因素进行综述,以期为今后在我国老年血液透析患者中更好地实施预立医疗照护计划干预治疗提供理论参考。

With the rapid development of hospice care,more and more people pay attention to the quality of life of patients at the end of life.Due to the dialysis-related complications,heavy burden of comorbidities and cognitive impairment,elderly hemodialysis patients have poor quality of life,which brings heavy physiological,psychological and economic burdens to patients,families and society.Advance care planning can improve patients′quality of life and save limited medical resources.By referring to relevant literature at home and abroad,this paper reviewed the overview of advance care planning,the necessity of discussing advance care planning with elderly hemodialysis patients,the implementation status and the obstacle factors.The purpose was to provide theoretical reference for better implementation of intervention treatment in elderly hemodialysis patients in China in the future.