零工经济劳动自由剥夺的实质及应对

The Nature of Freedom Deprived of Gig Economy Labor and Its Contermeasures

数字时代,资本为零工经济披上了“自由化”的外衣,以迎合劳动者对自由的追求,掩盖剥削本质。资本通过赋予劳动和劳动时间以社交意义,赋予劳动者“时间自主掌控”的感觉和舒缓的空隙等方式,使零工劳动者产生“劳动自由”的认知,但这改变不了“劳动自由”背后隐藏的“劳动控制”,平台通过数字泰勒制、用户评分和评价机制、干预成单率等方式,加强对劳动者的劳动控制。最终,在自由剥夺大于自由赋予的情况下,劳动者陷入普遍过劳、主体性逐渐丧失、失去劳动法的保护和应有社会保障等现实困境。基于此,应发挥多元主体的监管作用、加强人文主义关怀、完善法律保障和制度保障。

In the digital age,capital has dressed the gig economy in the guise of“liberalisation”,catering to the freedoms sought by workers and masking its exploitative nature.Capital endued labor and labor time with social meaning,and give workers the feeling of“time autonomous control”and give them relieved the gap,thus make casual labors recognize themselves as“free labor”.But this does not change the“free labor”hidden“control”of labor,and platforms use digital taylorism,user rating and evaluation mechanism,and the intervention as a way for single rate,etc,the platforms strengthens labor control over workers.Finally,under the circumstance that the deprivation of freedom is greater than the grant of freedom,laborers fall into the practical dilemma of universal overwork,gradual loss of subjectivity,loss of labor law protection and due social security.Based on this,it is necessary to play the role of multi-subject supervision,strengthen humanistic care,and improve the legal and institutional protection.