宁夏葡萄园捕食性瓢虫种群时空动态

Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Predatory Ladybird Population in Vineyards of Ningxia

为明确宁夏贺兰山东麓葡萄园捕食性瓢虫时空分布情况,有效利用和保护天敌资源。采用悬挂粘虫板的方式诱集捕食性瓢虫,统计瓢虫时空数量,分析时间和空间发生及分布情况。初步确定了宁夏葡萄园捕食性瓢虫种群时间和空间分布情况。5月温度较低,虫口数量也较低,悬挂在下部的黄板诱虫量最多,极显著高于中、上部黄板诱虫量;随着气温升高,6月中、上部的黄板诱虫量升高,但下部黄板诱虫量仍最高,与上部黄板诱虫量差异达显著水平;6月诱集到的昆虫数量最多,达到第一个高峰期,7月16日出现第二个高峰期,8月底至9月气温下降,悬挂在下部的黄板诱集到的昆虫数量逐渐增多,但田间捕食性瓢虫总数开始下降。5月底至6月随着温度的逐渐升高,吸汁类害虫二星叶蝉、螨类及蚜虫等数量逐渐增多,捕食性天敌瓢虫的数量达到高峰期,7月中下旬达到第二个高峰期,这两个阶段前期可以通过瓢虫分布的垂直和水平分布的特点在葡萄树体上挂捕食性瓢虫卵卡或者投放成虫进行害虫控制。

In order to understand the spatiotemporal distribution of predatory ladybugs in vineyards of the eastern foothills of Helan Mountains,Ningxia,and to effectively utilize and protect the natural enemy resources,the predatory ladybugs in vineyards of the eastern foothills of Ningxia were introduced.Predatory ladybugs were collected by systematic investigation and hanging of armyworm plates,and the spatiotemporal numbers of ladybugs were counted,and the occurrence and distribution of ladybugs were analyzed.The spatiotemporal distribution of predatory ladybugs in vineyards of Ningxia were preliminarily determined.In May,the temperature was low and the number of insects was low.The number of insects attracted by the lower part of the yellow plate was the most,which was significantly higher than that of the middle and upper parts.With the increase of air temperature,the number of traps increased in the middle and upper parts,but the number of traps in the lower part was still the highest,which was significantly different from that in the upper part.From the end of May to June,with the increasing of temperature,the numbers of succulent pests such as leafhoppers,mites and aphids increased gradually,and the predatory natural enemy ladybugs reached the peak,the second peak was reached in mid-to-late July,and the predatory eggs of ladybugs could be caught on the grape tree by the vertical and horizontal distribution of ladybugs in the early stage of these two stages.