城市道路应急救援路线规划及评价模型研究——以焦作市为例

Urban road emergency rescue route planning and evaluation model:a case study of Jiaozuo City

针对城市道路网络应急救援时所面临的复杂交通问题,运用VISSIM交通仿真软件进行路网搭建,对城市道路交通紧急事件的应急救援路线进行优化以提高救援效率。针对高峰时段焦作市塔北路与影视路交叉口附近塔北路上出现事故的紧急事件,考虑交通量影响系数,以到达现场时间最短为目标,构造模型确定医疗、公安等单位的应急救援路线。另外,在应急救援线路为常绿的情况下,通过VISSIM输出事故路段车辆的行驶时间、平均车速、排队长度等参数,评价了应急救援措施对道路网络的影响,并验证了模型的可行性。结果表明,1800s仿真过程中,医疗单位到达事故地时间为235.8s,公安单位到达事故地时间为592.2s;事故后的事故路段平均车速下降57.81%,平均排队长度为16m,最大排队长度为53m。医疗单位和公安单位救援时间模型计算值与VISSIM仿真值相差均低于4%,进一步说明了模型的可行性。研究结果可为城市道路应急救援路线选择提供一定的帮助。

For the complex traffic problems faced by urban road network emergency rescue,VISSIM traffic simulation software is used to build the road network,and the emergency rescue route of urban road traffic emergencies is optimized to relieve congestion and improve rescue efficiency.In response to the road network rush hour on Tabei Road and Yingshi Road in Jiaozuo City,the lanes were blocked due to accidents.At this time,the shortest route was set as the goal,and the traffic volume impact coefficient was added.When it is determined that the emergency rescue line is evergreen,driving time,the average speed,queue length and other parameters of the vehicle are output by VISSIM to evaluate the impact of emergency rescue measures on the road network,and verify the feasibility of the model.The results show that in the 1800s simulation process,the time for the medical unit to reach the accident site is 235.8s,the time for the public security unit to reach the accident site is 592.2s,and the average vehicle speed of the accident section after the accident drops by 57.81%,the average queue length is 16m,and the maximum queue length is 53m.Moreover,the difference between the rescue time model calculated by the medical unit and the public security unit and the VISSIM simulation value is less than 4%,which further illustrates the feasibility of the model.So as to improve the urban road network’s rescue and handling capacity for emergencies,and provide certain help for the emergency handling of emergencies in the urban road network.