果叶兼用新桑品种云桑7号的选育

Breeding of a New Mulberry Variety Yunsang 7 Both for Fruit and Leaf Usage

利用桑品种云桑2号结果性能好和云桑798叶质优良的特性,将二者作为亲本进行杂交选育,以桑椹大小、果品质量、产叶量为育种目标,通过单株优选、二次复选和定向选择等手段获得性状表现稳定且杂交优势较强的果叶兼用桑树新品种,2021年该品种通过云南省种子管理站品种鉴定委员会鉴定,定名为云桑7号。云桑7号的杂交优势较强,生长迅速,发芽率高,侧枝较多,叶片光滑柔软、含糖量高,无明显的顶端优势,其产叶量和养蚕成绩与农桑14号相比无显著性差异。该品种桑椹果大肉厚浆多,果长径2.5~4.5 cm,果横径1.5~2.5 cm,单芽平均坐果数4~6粒,最大单果质量可达12 g,果皮厚而耐运输,其产果量超过云桑2号和粤椹大10。综上所述,云桑7号是一个综合性状优良、丰产性好的果叶兼用新桑品种,适合在云南省大部分蚕区栽植。

Based on the good fruiting performance of Yunsang 2 and the excellent leaf quality of Yunsang 798, a new fruit-leaf dual usage mulberry variety with stable characteristics and strong heterosis was obtained by cross breeding with Yunsang 2 and Yunsang 798 as its parents, and by means of single plant optimization, two times comprehensive selection and directional selection, aiming at mulberry size, fruit quality and leaf yield. It passed the identification of the Variety Identification Committee of Yunnan Seed Management Station in 2021 and named Yunsang 7. This variety has strong heterosis, rapid growth, high germination rate, more lateral branches, smooth and soft leaves, high sugar content, no obvious apical dominance. There is no significant difference in leaf yield and silkworm rearing performance compared with those of Nongsang 14. The fruit of this variety is large, fleshy and jui-cy, with the fruit length being 2.5-4.5 cm and fruit transverse diameter being 1.5-2.5 cm. The average number of fruit setting per bud is 4-6, and the maximum weight of single fruit can reach 12 g. The peel of the fruit is thick and suitable for transportation. Its fruit yield exceeds those of Yunsang 2 and Yueshenda 10. In summary, it is a new hybrid mulberry variety with excellent comprehensive characteristics and high yield, it is suitable for planting in most sericultural areas of Yunnan Province.