近期国内数据相关地方立法动向分析——以深圳、上海为例

Analysis on the trend of local legislation related to data—take Shenzhen and Shanghai as examples

2020年后,建设培育数据要素市场成为数据相关地方立法的主要任务,深圳市、上海市先后出台的数据条例在此方面表现得尤为显著。地方立法的超前探索有益于引导构建数据要素市场体系,回应经济发展需求,促进未来国家层面立法,但需要解决好如何理解和定位数据的财产属性、如何分配数据访问权益/收益权益、如何保护个人信息等关键性问题。欧盟关于数据访问权的立法思路值得我国借鉴。下一步我国的重要工作是做好立法后评估,及时总结经验,保证法律制度始终能够促进数字经济发展。

After 2020,the construction and cultivation of data element market has become the main task of data related local legislation.The data regulations issued by Shenzhen and Shanghai are particularly significant in this regard.The advanced exploration of local legislation is beneficial to guide the construction of data element market system,respond to the needs of economic development and promote future national legislation.However,it is necessary to solve key problems such as how to understand and locate the property attribute of data,how to allocate benefits of data access and income,and how to protect personal information.The EU's legislative ideas on data access rights are worthy of our reference.The next important work is the after-legislation evaluation,to summarize experience in time,and to ensure the legal system can always promote the development of digital economy.